--_OVID_emlbndry_WKHLTH Content-Type: text/plain <1> UI - 884RW-0012 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884RW AU - Corcuera L AU - Morales F AU - Abadia A AU - Gil-Pelegrin E MA - egilp@aragob.es RA - Gil-Pelegrin E TI - The effect of low temperatures on the photosynthetic apparatus of Quercus ilex subsp ballota at its lower and upper altitudinal limits in the Iberian peninsula and during a single freezing-thawing cycle SO - Trees-Structure & Function. 19(1):99-108, 2005 Jan. AS - Trees-Struct. Funct 2005 Jan;19(1):99-108 PU - SPRINGER, 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA. URL: http://www.springer-ny.com IS - 0931-1890 MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Holm oak MH - Photochemical and non-photochemical quenching MH - Photoprotection MH - Photosystem ii efficiency. MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Xanthophyll cycle MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Winter stress MH - Higher-plants MH - Photon yield MH - Carotenoid composition MH - Mediterranean-climate MH - Pigment composition MH - Energy-distribution. AB - We investigated the response of the photosynthetic apparatus during an episode of extreme low winter temperature in Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp., a typical Mediterranean evergreen species in the Iberian peninsula. Both plants in a woodland located at high altitude (1,177 m. a.s.l.) and potted plants obtained from acorns of the same populations grown at low altitude (225 m. a.s.l.) were analyzed. Net CO2 assimilation rate was negative and there was a marked decrease in photosystem II (PSII) efficiency during winter in leaves of the woodland population (high altitude individuals). These processes were accompanied by increases in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and in the de-epoxidated carotenoids within the xanthophyll cycle, mechanisms aimed to dissipate excess energy. In addition, these de-epoxidated carotenoids were largely preserved during the night. There was no chlorophyll bleaching during the winter, which suggests that leaves were not experiencing photoinhibitory damage. In fact, the net photosynthetic rate and the PSII efficiency recovered in spring. These changes were not observed, or were much more reduced, in individuals located at lower altitude after a few frosts. When the response to rapid temperature changes (from 20degreesC to -5degreesC and from -5degreesC to 20degreesC) was studied, it was found that the maximum potential PSII efficiency was fairly stable, ranging from 0.70 to 0.75. The rest of the photosynthetic parameters measured, actual and intrinsic PSII efficiency, photochemical and NPQ, responded immediately to the changes in temperature and, also, the recovery after cold events was practically immediate. [References: 69] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Gil-Pelegrin E CITA Aragon, Unit Forest Resources Apdo 727 Zaragoza 50080 Spain CITA Aragon, Unit Forest Resources Zaragoza 50080 Spain CSIC, Aula Dei Expt Stn, Dept Plant Nutr Zaragoza 50080 Spain <2> UI - 887WC-0010 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887WC AU - St Clair SB AU - Lynch JP MA - jpl4@psu.edu RA - Lynch JP TI - Element accumulation patterns of deciduous and evergreen tree seedlings on acid soils: implications for sensitivity to manganese toxicity SO - Tree Physiology. 25(1):85-92, 2005 Jan. AS - Tree Physiol 2005 Jan;25(1):85-92 PU - HERON PUBLISHING, 202, 3994 SHELBOURNE ST, VICTORIA, BC V8N 3E2, CANADA. URL: http://www.heronpublishing.com IS - 0829-318X MH - Ash MH - Cherry MH - Chlorophyll MH - Fluorescence MH - Hemlock MH - Maple MH - Nutrition MH - Oak MH - Photosynthesis MH - Pine MH - Spruce. MH - Sugar maple MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Northern japan MH - Nutritional interpretation MH - Chemical-composition MH - Oxidative stress MH - Leaf morphology MH - Forest MH - Growth MH - Decline. AB - Foliar nutrient imbalances, including the hyperaccumulation of manganese (Mn), are correlated with symptoms of declining health in sensitive tree species growing on acidic forest soils. The objectives of this study were to: (1) compare foliar nutrient accumulation patterns of six deciduous (sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), red maple (Acer rubrum L.), red oak (Quercus rubra L.), white oak (Quercus alba L.), black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.)) and three evergreen (eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis L.), white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss.)) tree species growing on acidic forest soils; and (2) examine how leaf phenology and other traits that distinguish evergreen and deciduous tree species influence foliar Mn accumulation rates and sensitivity to excess Mn. For the first objective, leaf samples of seedlings from five acidic, non-glaciated field sites on Pennsylvania's Allegheny Plateau were collected and analyzed for leaf element concentrations. In a second study, we examined growth and photosynthetic responses of seedlings exposed to excess Mn in sand culture. In field samples, Mn in deciduous foliage hyperaccumulated to concentrations more than twice as high as those found in evergreen needles. Among species, sugar maple was the most sensitive to excess Mn based on growth and photosynthetic measurements. Photosynthesis in red maple and red oak was also sensitive to excess Mn, whereas white oak, black cherry, white ash and the three evergreen species were tolerant of excess Mn. Among the nine species, relative rates of photosynthesis were negatively correlated with foliar Mn concentrations, suggesting that photosynthetic sensitivity to Mn is a function of its rate of accumulation in seedling foliage. [References: 59] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Lynch JP Penn State Univ, Intercollegiate Grad Program Ecol & Mol Plant Phy 102 Tyson Bldg University Pk, PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ, Intercollegiate Grad Program Ecol & Mol Plant Phy University Pk, PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ, Dept Hort University Pk, PA 16802 USA <3> UI - 888MS-0002 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MS AU - Zhang SR AU - Fu JL AU - Zhou ZC MA - zhouzc@bjmu.edu.cn RA - Zhou ZC TI - Changes in the brain mitochondrial proteome of male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with manganese chloride SO - Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology. 202(1):13-17, 2005 Jan 1. AS - Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol 2005 Jan 1;202(1):13-17 PU - ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA. URL: http://www.apnet.com IS - 0041-008X MH - Manganese chloride MH - Mitochondria MH - 2d-page MH - Maldi-tof. MH - Mutagenesis MH - Induction MH - Toxicity MH - Exposure MH - Calcium MH - Yeast MH - Cells. AB - To probe the mitochondrial involvement in Mn intoxicity, aliquots of brain mitochondria samples from control and treated (30 mg/kg manganese chloride, ip) male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and searched for protein abundance changes induced by Mn exposure. The electrophoretic separation resolved over 300 distinct spots as visualized by colloidal Coomassie blue (CCB), of which three spots were induced and three spots were inhibited after Mn exposure in all the five brain mitochondria preparations. Analysis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) indicated that these spots are calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C (ATP-dependent Ca2+ pump PMRI); 60-kDa heat shock protein; Mitochondrial transmembrane GTPase FZOIB; ATP-binding cassette, sub-family b; Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase; ATP Synthase Beta Chain; and Succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit. The changes of the mitochondrial ATP synthase beta-subunit and Succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit indicate an effected level of mitochondrial ATP content and/or ATP-producing capacity. This result provides suggestion that respiratory chain complexes were implicated in the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Mn intoxicity. And the changes of 60-kDa heat shock protein and ATP-dependent Ca2+ pump PMRI expression indicate that the Ca homeostasis and stress effect were involved in Mn intoxicity. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 18] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Pharmacology & Toxicology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Zhou ZC Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Toxicol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Toxicol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China <4> UI - 890DQ-0048 DD - ISI Document Solution: 890DQ AU - Holt NE AU - Zigmantas D AU - Valkunas L AU - Li XP AU - Niyogi KK AU - Fleming GR MA - grfleming@lbl.gov RA - Fleming GR TI - Carotenoid cation formation and the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting SO - Science. 307(5708):433-436, 2005 Jan 21. AS - Science 2005 Jan 21;307(5708):433-436 PU - AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE, 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA. URL: http://www.aaas.org IS - 0036-8075 MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Arabidopsis mutants MH - Xanthophyll cycle MH - Purple bacteria MH - Psbs protein MH - Energy MH - Plants MH - Photoprotection MH - Complexes MH - State. AB - Photosynthetic light harvesting in excess light is regulated by a process known as feedback deexcitation. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements on thylakoid membranes show selective formation of a carotenoid radical cation upon excitation of chlorophyll under conditions of maximum, steady-state feedback deexcitation. Studies on transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants confirmed that this carotenoid radical cation formation is correlated with feedback deexcitation and requires the presence of zeaxanthin, the specific carotenoid synthesized during high light exposure. These results indicate that energy transfer from chlorophyll molecules to a chlorophyll-zeaxanthin heterodimer, which then undergoes charge separation, is the mechanism for excess energy dissipation during feedback deexcitation. [References: 25] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Multidisciplinary in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Multidisciplinary in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. Multidisciplinary in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Fleming GR Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol Berkeley, CA 94720 USA Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div Berkeley, CA 94720 USA <5> UI - 884RD-0022 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884RD AU - Frese RN AU - Siebert CA AU - Niederman RA AU - Hunter CN AU - Otto C AU - van Grondelle R MA - raoul@nat.vu.nl RA - Frese RN TI - The long-range organization of a native photosynthetic membrane SO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(52):17994-17999, 2004 Dec 28. AS - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 2004 Dec 28;101(52):17994-17999 PU - NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA. URL: http://www4.nationalacademies.org/nas/nashome.nsf IS - 0027-8424 MH - Membrane organization MH - Photosynthesis MH - Polarized spectroscopy. MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Rhodopseudomonas-viridis MH - Purple bacteria MH - Crystal-structure MH - Cytochrome bc(1) MH - Linear dichroism MH - Core complex MH - Apparatus MH - Pufx. AB - Photosynthesis relies on the delicate interplay between a specific set of membrane-bound pigment-protein complexes that harvest and transport solar energy, execute charge separation, and conserve the energy. We have investigated the organization of the light-harvesting (LH) and reaction-center (RC) complexes in native bacterial photosynthetic membranes of the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides by using polarized light spectroscopy, linear dichroism (LD) on oriented membranes. These LD measurements show that in native membranes, which contain LH2 as the major energy absorber, the RC-LH1-PufX complexes are highly organized in a way similar to that which we found previously for a mutant lacking LH2. The relative contribution of LH1 and LH2 light-harvesting complexes to the LD spectrum shows that LH2 preferentially resides in highly curved parts of the membrane. Combining the spectroscopic data with our recent atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, we propose an organization for this photosynthetic membrane that features domains containing linear arrays of RC-LH1-PufX complexes interspersed with LH2 complexes and some LH2 found in separate domains. The study described here allows the simultaneous assessment of both global and local structural information on the organization of intact, untreated membranes. [References: 27] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Multidisciplinary in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Frese RN Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci De Boelelaan 1081 NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Twente, Biophys Tech Grp, Dept Sci & Technol NL-7500 AE Enschede Netherlands Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol Sheffield S10 2TN S Yorkshire England Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA <6> UI - 884RD-0063 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884RD AU - Matsubara S AU - Chow WS MA - chow@rsbs.anu.edu.au RA - Chow WS TI - Populations of photo inactivated photosystem II reaction centers characterized by chlorophyll a fluorescence lifetime in vivo SO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101(52):18234-18239, 2004 Dec 28. AS - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 2004 Dec 28;101(52):18234-18239 PU - NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA. URL: http://www4.nationalacademies.org/nas/nashome.nsf IS - 0027-8424 MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime MH - Excitation quenching MH - Photoinactivation MH - Photoprotection. MH - High light stress MH - Xanthophyll cycle MH - Capsicum-annuum MH - Overwintering evergreens MH - Higher-plants MH - Photoinhibition MH - Photosynthesis MH - Leaves MH - Photoprotection MH - Photoinactivation. AB - Photosystem (PS) II centers, which split water into oxygen, protons, and electrons during photosynthesis, require light but are paradoxically inactivated by it. Prolonged light exposure concomitantly decreased both the functional fraction of PSII reaction centers and the integral PSII chlorophyll (ChI) a fluorescence lifetime in leaf segments of Capsicum annuum L. Acceleration of photoinactivation of PSII by a pretreatment with the inhibitors/uncoupler lincomycin, DTT, or nigericin further reduced PSII ChI a fluorescence lifetimes. A global analysis of fluorescence lifetime distributions revealed the presence of at least two distinct populations of photoinactivated PSII centers, one at 1.25 ns, and the other at 0.58 ns. Light treatment first increased the 1.25-ns component, a weak quencher, at the expense of a component at 2.22 ns corresponding to functional PSII centers. The 0.58-ns component, a strong quencher, emerged later than the 1.25-ns component. The strongly quenching PSII reaction centers could serve to avoid further damage to themselves and protect their functional neighbors by acting as strong energy sinks. [References: 49] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Multidisciplinary in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Chow WS Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Photobioenerget Grp GPO Box 475 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Photobioenerget Grp Canberra ACT 2601 Australia <7> UI - 887PC-0017 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887PC AU - Rumeau D AU - Becuwe-Linka N AU - Beyly A AU - Louwagie M AU - Garin J AU - Peltier G MA - dominique.rumeau@cea.fr RA - Rumeau D TI - New subunits NDH-M, -N, and -O, encoded by nuclear genes, are essential for plastid Ndh complex functioning in higher plants SO - Plant Cell. 17(1):219-232, 2005 Jan. AS - Plant Cell 2005 Jan;17(1):219-232 PU - AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS, 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA. URL: http://www.aspb.org IS - 1040-4651 MH - Cyclic electron flow MH - Nad(p)h dehydrogenase complex MH - Transplastomic tobacco plants MH - Nadh-specific dehydrogenase MH - Blue-native page MH - Photosystem-i MH - Synechocystis pcc6803 MH - Arabidopsis-thaliana MH - Respiratory complex MH - Thylakoid membranes. AB - In higher plants, the Ndh complex reduces plastoquinones and is involved in cyclic electron flow around photosystem 1, supplying extra-ATP for photosynthesis, particularly under environmental stress conditions. Based on plastid genome sequences, the Ndh complex would contain 11 subunits (NDH-A to -K), but homologies with bacterial complex indicate the probable existence of additional subunits. To identify missing subunits, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) NDH-H was His tagged at its N terminus using plastid transformation. A functional Ndh subcomplex was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography and its subunit composition analyzed by mass spectrometry. Five plastid encoded subunits (NDH-A, -H, -I, -J, and -K) were identified as well as three new subunits (NDH-M, -N, and -O) homologous to cyanobacterial and higher plant proteins. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants missing one of these new subunits lack a functional Ndh complex, and NDH-M and NDH-N are not detected in a tobacco transformant lacking the Ndh complex. We discuss the involvement of these three nuclear-encoded subunits in the functional integrity of the plastidial complex. [References: 49] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Animal & Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Rumeau D Univ Mediterranee, CNRS,Direct Sci Vivant, CEA Cadarache,Lab Ecophysiol Photosynth, UMR 6191,Dept Ecophysiol Vegetale & Microbiol F-13108 St Paul Les Durance France Univ Mediterranee, CNRS,Direct Sci Vivant, CEA Cadarache,Lab Ecophysiol Photosynth, UMR 6191,Dept Ecophysiol Vegetale & Microbiol F-13108 St Paul Les Durance France CEA, INSERM, Dept Reponse & Dynam Cellulaires, Lab Chim Proteines,ERM 0201,Direct Sci Vivant F-38054 Grenoble 9 France <8> UI - 887PC-0018 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887PC AU - Nagata N AU - Tanaka R AU - Satoh S AU - Tanaka A MA - ayumi@lowtem.hokudai.ac.jp RA - Tanaka A TI - Identification of a vinyl reductase gene for chlorophyll synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and implications for the evolution of Prochlorococcus species SO - Plant Cell. 17(1):233-240, 2005 Jan. AS - Plant Cell 2005 Jan;17(1):233-240 PU - AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS, 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA. URL: http://www.aspb.org IS - 1040-4651 MH - Divinyl protochlorophyllide pools MH - Chloroplast biogenesis MH - Rhodobacter-capsulatus MH - 4-vinyl chlorophyllide MH - Escherichia-coli MH - Biosynthesis MH - Sequence MH - Genome MH - Monovinyl MH - Barley. AB - Chlorophyll metabolism has been extensively studied with various organisms, and almost all of the chlorophyll biosynthetic genes have been identified in higher plants. However, only the gene for 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase (DVR), which is indispensable for monovinyl chlorophyll synthesis, has not been identified yet. In this study, we isolated an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that accumulated divinyl chlorophyll instead of monovinyl chlorophyll by ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. Map-based cloning of this mutant resulted in the identification of a gene (AT5G18660) that shows sequence similarity with isoflavone reductase genes. The mutant phenotype was complemented by the transformation with the wild-type gene. A recombinant protein encoded by AT5G18660 was expressed in Escherichia coli and found to catalyze the conversion of divinyl chlorophyllide to monovinyl chlorophyllide, thereby demonstrating that the gene encodes a functional DVR. DVR is encoded by a single copy gene in the A. thaliana genome. With the identification of DVR, finally all genes required for chlorophyll biosynthesis have been identified in higher plants. Analysis of the complete genome of A. thaliana showed that it has 15 enzymes encoded by 27 genes for chlorophyll biosynthesis from glutamyl-tRNA(glu) to chlorophyll b. Furthermore, identification of the DVR gene helped understanding the evolution of Prochlorococcus marinus, a marine cyanobacterium that is dominant in the open ocean and is uncommon in using divinyl chlorophylls. A DVR homolog was not found in the genome of P. marinus but found in the Synechococcus sp WH8102 genome, which is consistent with the distribution of divinyl chlorophyll in marine cyanobacteria of the genera Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. [References: 36] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Animal & Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Tanaka A Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci Sapporo Hokkaido 0600819 Japan Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp Sci Sapporo Hokkaido 0600819 Japan <9> UI - 887AF-0011 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887AF AU - Berger K AU - Winzell MS AU - Mei J AU - Erlanson-Albertsson C MA - Charlotte.Erlanson-Albertsson@medkem.lu.se RA - Erlanson-Albertsson C TI - Enterostatin and its target mechanisms during regulation of fat intake SO - Physiology & Behavior. 83(4):623-630, 2004 Dec 30. AS - Physiol. Behav 2004 Dec 30;83(4):623-630 PU - PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.elsevier.com IS - 0031-9384 MH - F1f0-atp synthase MH - Beta-casomorphin MH - Two-phase partition MH - Brain membranes MH - Food intake MH - Opioid pathway. MH - Suppresses food-intake MH - Activation peptide MH - Uncoupling protein MH - Pancreatic procolipase MH - Tissue distribution MH - Beta-casomorphins MH - Insulin release MH - Atp synthase MH - Dietary-fat MH - In-vivo. AB - A high-fat diet easily promotes hyperphagia giving an impression of an uncontrolled process. Fat digestion itself however provides control of fat intake through the digestion itself, carried out by pancreatic lipase and its protein cofactor colipase, and through enterostatin, a peptide released from procolipase during fat digestion. Procolipase (-/-) knockout mice have a severely reduced fat digestion and fat uptake, pointing to a major role of the digestive process itself. With a normal fat digestion, enterostatin basically restricts fat intake by preventing the overconsumption of fat. The mechanism for enterostatin might be an inhibition of a mu-opioid-mediated pathway, demonstrated through binding studies on SK-N-MC-cells and crude brain membranes. Another target protein of enterostatin is the beta-subunit of F1F0-ATPase, displaying a distinct binding of enterostatin, established through an aqueous two-phase partition system. The binding of enterostatin to F-1-ATPase was partially displaced by beta-casomorphin, a peptide stimulating fat intake and acting competitively to enterostatin. We frame a hypothesis that regulation of fat intake through enterostatin contains a reward component, which is an F-1-ATPase-mediated pathway, possibly complemented with an opioidergic pathway. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 47] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Social & Behavioral Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Psychology in Current Contents(R)/Social & Behavioral Sciences. Neurosciences & Behavior in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Erlanson-Albertsson C Lund Univ, Ctr Biomed, Dept Cell & Mol Biol C11 SE-22184 Lund Sweden Lund Univ, Ctr Biomed, Dept Cell & Mol Biol SE-22184 Lund Sweden <10> UI - 886IQ-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886IQ AU - Sakayama H AU - Hara Y AU - Arai S AU - Sato H AU - Nozaki H MA - charales@mail.goo.nc.jp RA - Sakayama H TI - Phylogenetic analyses of Nitella subgenus Tieffallenia (Charales, Charophyceae) using nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences SO - Phycologia. 43(6):672-681, 2004 Nov. AS - Phycologia 2004 Nov;43(6):672-681 PU - INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC, NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA IS - 0031-8884 MH - Oospore wall ornamentation MH - Gene-sequences MH - Green-algae MH - Taxonomic reexamination MH - Secondary structure MH - Species charophyta MH - Rdna sequences MH - Chlorophyta MH - Rbcl MH - Multiple. AB - Nucleotide sequences from the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were obtained for 13 Nitella species belonging to the subgenus Tieffallenia in order to test the chloroplast gene phylogeny previously used for taxonomic studies. The phylogenetic relationships of the 13 Nitella species based on nuclear DNA markers were congruent with those in the chloroplast gene phylogeny using the combined sequence data set for the genes encoding the beta subunit of ATP synthase (atpB) and the large subunit of Rubisco (rbcL). Therefore, the chloroplast gene phylogeny at the species level within the subgenus Tieffallenia seems to be unaffected by the maternal inheritance of chloroplast genes and can be used to obtain a natural taxonomy at the species level. This may result from the monoecious sexual reproduction that occurs in all the Nitella species examined. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated chloroplast atp/B and rbcL and nuclear 5.8S rRNA and ITS sequences generally gave higher resolution at or above species level within the subgenus Tieffallenia than the ITS-5.8S rRNA phylogeny or the rbcL-atpB analyses. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Aquatic Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Sakayama H Natl Inst Environm Studies, Div Environm Biol, Biodivers & Phylogenet Study Sect 16-2 Onogawa Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058506 Japan Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Sci Biol, Bunkyo Ku Tokyo 1130033 Japan Yamagata Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol Yamagata 9908560 Japan Marine Algae Res Corp Fukuoka 8110114 Japan Univ Hyogo, Inst Nat & Environm Sci, Museum Nat & Human Activities, Div Earth Sci Sanda Hyogo 6691546 Japan <11> UI - 886ZR-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886ZR AU - Deng YS AU - Nicholson RA MA - nicholso@sfu.ca RA - Nicholson RA TI - Block of electron transport by surangin B in bovine heart mitochondria SO - Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology. 81(1):39-50, 2005 Jan. AS - Pest. Biochem. Physiol 2005 Jan;81(1):39-50 PU - ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA. URL: http://www.apnet.com IS - 0048-3575 MH - Surangin b MH - Bovine heart mitochondria MH - Electron transport MH - Complex ii MH - Complex iii MH - Qi site MH - 2-nitrosofluorene MH - Complex iv. MH - Insecticidal properties MH - Succinate oxidation MH - Respiratory-chain MH - C oxidoreductase MH - Complex-iii MH - Inhibition MH - Mechanism MH - Ubiquinol MH - Synaptosomes MH - Myxothiazol. AB - Exposure of mitochondria isolated from bovine heart to the insecticidal coumarin surangin B results in inhibition of complex II (IC50 = 0.2 muM) III (IC50 = 14.8 muM), and IV (IC50 = 3.1 muM), but in contrast, the NADH:ubiquinone reductase (complex I) was completely insensitive to this compound at 100 muM. Kinetic analysis of surangin B's interaction with complex II was then investigated using sub-mitochondrial particles. With succinate as the substrate, surangin B, like carboxin, acted with non-competitive kinetics and clearly contrasted in its action with malonate. a competitive inhibitor of complex II. Likewise, surangin B acted as a non-competitive inhibitor of decylubiquinone-dependent interception of electrons at complex II. Difference spectra of reduced complex III equilibrated with surangin B were found to closely parallel those of antimycin A, but were different in nature to those of the Q(o) site inhibitors myxothiazol and famoxadone. Investigation of surangin B-dependent functional perturbation of complex III used the synthetic electron acceptor 2-nitrosofluorene, which intercepts electrons specifically from the Q(i) site. These experiments demonstrated that like antimycin A, surangin B acts as a selective blocker of electron diversion to 2-nitrosofluorene through Q(i) within complex III. We conclude that surangin B blocks electron transport at several points in bovine heart mitochondria, however, complex I is spared. The potent inhibitory action of surangin B on complex II involves binding to a site which is distinct from both the succinate binding site and the domain responsible for interacting with ubiquinone. Surangin B apparently blocks complex III by interacting with the Q(i) (antimycin A-binding) pocket. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 31] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Entomology/Pest Control in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Nicholson RA Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci 8888 Univ Dr Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada <12> UI - 885VV-0011 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885VV AU - Park M AU - Lin L AU - Thomas S AU - Braymer HD AU - Smith PM AU - Harrison DHT AU - York DA MA - yorkda@pbrc.edu RA - York DA TI - The F-1-ATPase beta-subunit is the putative enterostatin receptor SO - Peptides. 25(12):2127-2133, 2004 Dec. AS - Peptides 2004 Dec;25(12):2127-2133 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0196-9781 MH - Enterostatin MH - Beta-casomorphin MH - F-1-atpase beta-subunit MH - Food intake MH - Enterostatin receptor. MH - Fat intake MH - Atp synthase MH - Dietary-fat MH - Procolipase MH - Peptide MH - Inhibition MH - Amygdala MH - Tissue MH - Rat. AB - It has been suggested that the F-1-ATPase beta-subunit is the enterostatin receptor. We investigated the binding activity of the purified protein with a labeled antagonist, beta-casomorphin(1-7), in the absence and presence of cold enterostatin. I-125-beta-casomorphin(1-7) Weakly binds to the rat F-1-ATPase beta-subunit. Binding was promoted by low concentrations of cold enterostatin but displaced by higher concentrations. To study the relationship between binding activity and feeding behavior. we examined the ability of a number of enterostatin analogs to affect beta-casomorphin(1-7) binding to the F-1-ATPase beta-subunit. Peptides that suppressed food intake promoted beta-casomorphin(1-7) binding whereas peptides that stimulated food intake or did not affect the food intake displaced P-casomorphini-I binding. Surface plasmon resonance measurements show that the beta-subunit of F-1-ATPase binds immobilized enterostatin with a dissociation constant of 1-50 nM, where no binding could be detected for the assembled F-1-ATPase complex. Western blot analysis showed the F-1-ATPase beta-subunit was present on plasma and mitochondrial membranes of rat liver and amygdala. The data provides evidence that the F-1-ATPase beta-subunit is the enterosatin receptor and suggests that enterostatin and beta-casornorphin(1-7) bind to distinct sites on the protein. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 21] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: York DA Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr 6400 Perkins Rd Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA Rosalind Franklin Univ Med & Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Chicago, IL 60064 USA <13> UI - 884YC-0001 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884YC AU - Sanderson JM MA - j.m.sanderson@durham.ac.uk RA - Sanderson JM TI - Peptide lipid interactions: insights and perspectives [Review] SO - Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 3(2):201-212, 2005. AS - Org. Biomol. Chem 2005;3(2):201-212 PU - ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.rsc.org IS - 1477-0520 MH - Staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin MH - Surface-plasmon resonance MH - Cytochrome bc(1) complex MH - State nmr-spectroscopy MH - Membrane-proteins MH - Antimicrobial peptide MH - Transmembrane peptides MH - Hydrophobic mismatch MH - Beta-peptides MH - Phosphatidylcholine bilayers. AB - As the number of membrane proteins in the Protein Data Bank increases, efforts to understand how they interact with their natural environment are increasing in importance. A number of membrane proteins crystallise with lipid molecules implicitly bound at discrete locations that are consistent with the transmembrane regions of the protein. Bioinformatics studies also point to the specific interactions of some amino acids with membrane lipids. The results of experiments using model systems are revealing how these interactions contribute to the stability of both the protein and the membrane in which it is embedded. From a different perspective, the processes involved in the binding of peptides to membrane surfaces to produce a variety of effects are being understood in ever-increasing detail. This review describes current research efforts and thinking in this area. [References: 122] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry & Analysis in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. Organic Chemistry/Polymer Science in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Sanderson JM Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Sci Labs, Ctr Bioact Chem Durham DH1 3LE England Univ Durham, Dept Chem, Sci Labs, Ctr Bioact Chem Durham DH1 3LE England <14> UI - 888CW-0002 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888CW AU - Kappler U AU - Sly LI AU - McEwan AG MA - mcewan@uq.edu.au RA - McEwan AG TI - Respiratory gene clusters of Metallosphaera sedula - differential expression and transcriptional organization SO - Microbiology. 151(Part 1):35-43, 2005 Jan. AS - Microbiology-(UK) 2005 Jan;151(Part 1):35-43 PU - SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY, MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.socgenmicrobiol.org.uk/default.htm IS - 1350-0872 MH - Bacterium acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans MH - Archaeon sulfolobus-acidocaldarius MH - Quinol oxidase MH - Cytochrome b(558/566) MH - Acidianus-ambivalens MH - Electron-transfer MH - Terminal oxidase MH - Complete genome MH - Iron MH - Crenarchaeon. AB - Metallosphaera sedula is a thermoacidophilic Crenarchaeon which is capable of leaching metals from sulfidic ores. The authors have investigated the presence and expression of genes encoding respiratory complexes in this organism when grown heterotrophically or chemolithotrophically on either sulfur or pyrite. The presence of three gene clusters, encoding two terminal oxidase complexes, the quinol oxidase SoxABCD and the SoxM oxidase supercomplex, and a gene cluster encoding a high-potential cytochrome b and components of a bc(1) complex analogue (cbsBA-soxL2N gene cluster) was established. Expression studies showed that the soxM gene was expressed to high levels during heterotrophic growth of M. sedula on yeast extract, while the soxABCD mRNA was most abundant in cells grown on sulfur. Reduced-minus-oxidized difference spectra of cell membranes showed cytochrome-related peaks that correspond to published spectra of Sulfolobus-type terminal oxidase complexes. In pyrite-grown cells, expression levels of the two monitored oxidase gene clusters were reduced by a factor of 10-12 relative to maximal expression levels, although spectra of membranes clearly contained oxidase-associated haems, suggesting the presence of additional gene clusters encoding terminal oxidases in M. sedula. Pyrite- and sulfur-grown cells contained high levels of the cbsA transcript, which encodes a membrane-bound cytochrome b with a possible role in iron oxidation or chemolithotrophy. The cbsA gene is not co-transcribed with the soxL2N genes, and therefore does not appear to be an integral part of this bc(1) complex analogue. The data show for the first time the differential expression of the Sulfolobus-type terminal oxidase gene clusters in a Crenarchaeon in response to changing growth modes. [References: 37] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: McEwan AG Univ Queensland, Sch Mol & Microbial Sci Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia Univ Queensland, Sch Mol & Microbial Sci Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia Univ Queensland, Ctr Met Biol Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia <15> UI - 888CW-0025 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888CW AU - Myers JD AU - Kelly DJ MA - d.kelly@sheffield.ac.uk RA - Kelly DJ TI - A sulphite respiration system in the chemoheterotrophic human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni SO - Microbiology. 151(Part 1):233-242, 2005 Jan. AS - Microbiology-(UK) 2005 Jan;151(Part 1):233-242 PU - SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY, MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.socgenmicrobiol.org.uk/default.htm IS - 1350-0872 MH - Helicobacter-pylori MH - Thiobacillus-novellus MH - Molecular-biology MH - Physiology MH - Sequence MH - Purification MH - Supplements MH - Bacterium MH - Oxidation MH - Pathway. AB - The ability to use sulphite as a respiratory electron donor is usually associated with free-living chemolithotrophic sulphur-oxidizing bacteria. However, this paper shows that the chemoheterotrophic human pathogen Campylobacterjejuni has the ability to respire sulphite, with oxygen uptake rates of 23 +/- 8 and 28 +/- 15 nmol O-2 min(-1) (mg cell protein)(-1) after the addition of 0.5 mM sodium sulphite or metabisulphite, respectively, to intact cells. The C. jejuni NCTC 11168 Cj0004c and Cj0005c genes encode a monohaem cytochrome c and molybdopterin oxidoreductase, respectively, homologous to the sulphite: cytochrome c oxidoreductase (SOR) of Starkeya novella. Western blots of C. jejuni periplasm probed with a SorA antibody demonstrated cross-reaction of a 45 kDa band, consistent with the size of Cj0005. The Cj0004c gene was inactivated by insertion of a kanamycin-resistance cassette. The resulting mutant showed wild-type rates of formate-dependent respiration but was unable to respire with sulphite or metabisulphite as electron donors. 2-Heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HQNO), a cytochrome bc(1) complex inhibitor, did not affect sulphite respiration at concentrations up to 25 muM, whereas formate respiration (which occurs partly via a bc(1) dependent route) was inhibited 50%, thus suggesting that electrons from sulphite enter the respiratory chain after the bc(1) complex at the level of cytochrome c. Periplasmic extracts of wild-type C. jejuni 11168 showed a symmetrical absorption peak at 552 nm after the addition of sulphite, demonstrating the reduction of cytochrome c. No cytochrome c reduction was observed after addition of sulphite to periplasmic extracts of the Cj0004c mutant. A fractionation study confirmed that the majority of the SOR activity is located in the periplasm in C. jejuni, and this activity was partially purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The presence of a sulphite respiration system in C. jejuni is another example of the surprising diversity of the electron-transport chain in this small-genome pathogen. Sulphite respiration may be of importance for survival in environmental microaerobic niches and some foods, and may also provide a detoxification mechanism for this normally growth-inhibitory compound. [References: 32] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kelly DJ Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol Firth Court,Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN S Yorkshire England Univ Sheffield, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol Sheffield S10 2TN S Yorkshire England <16> UI - 886BE-0006 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886BE AU - Johnson ZI MA - zij@mit.edu RA - Johnson ZI TI - Description and application of the background irradiance gradient-single turnover fluorometer (BIG-STf) SO - Marine Ecology-Progress Series. 283:73-80, 2004. AS - Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser 2004;283:73-80 PU - INTER-RESEARCH, NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY. URL: http://www.int-res.com IS - 0171-8630 MH - Fluorescence MH - Photosystem ii MH - Instrumentation MH - Fluorometer MH - Nitrogen starvation MH - Skeletonema costatum. MH - Maximum quantum yield MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Photosynthetic apparatus MH - Primary productivity MH - Energy-conversion MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Atlantic-ocean MH - Phytoplankton MH - Nitrogen MH - Limitation. AB - Based on previous single turnover, pulse amplitude modulated, and fast repetition rate fluorometers, I describe a novel, bench top, single turnover fluorometer (BIG-STf) that quantifies multiple biophysical properties of Photosystem II (PSII) of phytoplankton over a programmable range of background light levels. The instrument measures the photochemical conversion efficiency (variable fluorescence/maximal fluorescence yield, F-v/F-m) and functional cross-sectional area of PSII (sigma(PSII)) over a background light gradient, and generates light-response curves of the biophysical properties of PSII. These curves can be used to assess variability in PSII structure and function or, in conjunction with oxygen- or carbon-derived photosynthesis-irradiance (P-E) curves, to evaluate how the properties of PSII may influence total photosynthetic rate and efficiency. Nitrogen-starved batch cultures of Skeletonema costatum are used to demonstrate the utility of these measurements by comparing the quantum yield of carbon uptake as a function of light (phi(C)-E) and its saturation intensity index (Ek(k,o)) to F-v/F-m and sigma(PSII) as a function of light (F-v/F-m-E and sigma(PSII)-E) and their saturation intensity indices (E-k,E-PSII). It is shown that in addition to changes in dark-measured values (phi(C,max), F-v/F-m(0) and sigma(PSII(0))) there are also significant changes in the shapes of phi(C)-E, F-v/F-m-E and sigma(PSII)-E curves in response to N starvation. Changes in the shape of the curves (summarized by approximate 2-fold decreases in both E-k,E-o and E-k,E-PSII) are consistent with the observed similar to2-fold increase in sigma(PSII)(r(2) = 0.74). These results suggest that in response to N starvation (1) most of the decrease in phi(C) can be explained by PSII-dependent processes, (2) there are decreased saturation intensities of F-v/F-m and phi(C) with concomitant increases in sigma(PSII(0)), and (3) the turnover rate (1/tau) does not change significantly. The PSII light-response curves, which can be measured quickly by the BIG-STf instrument, provide a direct means of evaluating the role that PSII plays in regulating photosynthetic rates and efficiency in aquatic environments. [References: 41] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Aquatic Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Johnson ZI MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge, MA 02139 USA MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn Cambridge, MA 02139 USA <17> UI - 886LG-0007 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886LG AU - Justo R AU - Frontera M AU - Pujol E AU - Rodriguez-Cuenca S AU - Llado I AU - Garcia-Palmer FJ AU - Roca P AU - Gianotti M MA - magdalena.gianotti@uib.es RA - Gianotti M TI - Gender-related differences in morphology and thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue mitochondrial subpopulations SO - Life Sciences. 76(10):1147-1158, 2005 Jan 21. AS - Life Sci 2005 Jan 21;76(10):1147-1158 PU - PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.elsevier.com IS - 0024-3205 MH - Mitochondrial morphology MH - Mitochondrial dna MH - Ucp1 MH - Cytochrome c oxidase MH - Atp synthase. MH - Light mitochondria MH - Uncoupling-protein MH - Cold-exposure MH - Cells MH - Ucp1 MH - Expression MH - Parameters MH - Induction MH - Obesity MH - Atpase. AB - To investigate the possible existence of a gender dimorphism in the morphology and functionality of brown adipose tissue (BAT) mitochondrial subpopulations, we obtained three mitochondrial fractions - heavy, medium and light - by differential centrifugation. Electron microscopic analysis was carried out and mitochondrial protein content, cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase activities, mitochondrial DNA content and UCP1 protein levels were measured in each mitochondrial fraction. Female rats showed a greater mitochondrial size than males, with a different distribution pattern of the subpopulations. These differences were accompanied by higher oxidative and thermogenic capacities and a higher protein content in female rat BAT. This tissue also showed a greater tendency to respiratory chain uncoupling, as well as a close coordination between the oxidative, phosphorylative and thermogenic processes. These differences were found in the heavy subpopulation but not in the light one. Our results demonstrate that female rat BAT shows a highly differentiated mitochondrial pool, with the heavy mitochondrial subpopulation as the main responsible for the greater thermogenic activity of this tissue. In addition, it seems that there is a differential regulation of the mitochondrial growth cycle between genders in BAT, which leads to enhanced thermogenic capacity in female rat mitochondria. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 37] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Gianotti M Univ Illes Balears, IUNICS, Dept Biol Fonamental & Ciencies Salut, Grp Metab Energet & Nutr Cra Valldemossa Km 7-5 E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain Univ Illes Balears, IUNICS, Dept Biol Fonamental & Ciencies Salut, Grp Metab Energet & Nutr E-07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain <18> UI - 887ZD-0030 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887ZD AU - Ciobanu M AU - Kincaid HA AU - Jennings GK AU - Cliffel DE MA - kane.gjennings@vanderbilt.edu, d.cliffel@vanderbilt.edu RA - Jennings GK TI - Photosystem I patterning imaged by scanning electrochemical microscopy SO - Langmuir. 21(2):692-698, 2005 Jan 18. AS - Langmuir 2005 Jan 18;21(2):692-698 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0743-7463 MH - Self-assembled monolayers MH - Photosynthetic reaction centers MH - Electron-transfer MH - Soft lithography MH - Proteins MH - Gold MH - Immobilization MH - Fabrication MH - Adsorption MH - Photoinhibition. AB - We report the first directed adsorption of Photosystem I (PST) on patterned surfaces containing discrete regions of methyl- and hydroxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold. SAM and PSI patterns are characterized by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). The insulating protein complex layer blocks the electron transfer of the SECM mediator, thereby reducing the electrochemical current significantly. Uniformly and densely packed adsorbed protein layers are observed with SECM. Pattern images correlate with our previous studies where we showed that low-energy surfaces (e.g., CH3-terminated) inhibit PSI adsorption in the presence of Triton X-100, whereas high-energy surfaces (e.g., OH-terminated) enable adsorption. Therefore, a SAM pattern with alternating methyl and hydroxyl surface regions allows PSI adsorption only on the hydroxyl surface, and this is demonstrated in the resulting SECM images. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Jennings GK Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Box 1583 Nashville, TN 37235 USA Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Nashville, TN 37235 USA Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem Engn Nashville, TN 37235 USA <19> UI - 885LY-0016 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885LY AU - de Kok JB AU - Roelofs RW AU - Giesendorf BA AU - Pennings JL AU - Waas ET AU - Feuth T AU - Swinkels DW AU - Span PN MA - j.dekok@akc.umcn.nl RA - de Kok JB TI - Normalization of gene expression measurements in tumor tissues: comparison of 13 endogenous control genes SO - Laboratory Investigation. 85(1):154-159, 2005 Jan. AS - Lab. Invest 2005 Jan;85(1):154-159 PU - NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA. URL: http://www.nature.com IS - 0023-6837 MH - Normalization MH - Housekeeping gene MH - Reference gene MH - Control gene MH - Real-time quantitative rt-pcr. MH - Quantitative rt-pcr MH - Polymerase chain-reaction MH - Minimal residual disease MH - Housekeeping genes MH - Messenger-rna MH - Real-time MH - Internal standards MH - Ribosomal-rna MH - Beta-actin MH - Transcription. AB - For interpretation of quantitative gene expression measurements in clinical tumor samples, a normalizer is necessary to correct expression data for differences in cellular input, RNA quality, and RT efficiency between samples. In many studies, a single housekeeping gene is used for normalization. However, no unequivocal single reference gene ( with proven invariable expression between cells) has been identified yet. As the best alternative, the mean expression of multiple housekeeping genes can be used for normalization. In this study, no attempt was made to determine the gold-standard gene for normalization, but to identify the best single housekeeping gene that could accurately replace the measurement of multiple genes. Expression patterns of 13 frequently used housekeeping genes were determined in 80 normal and tumor samples from colorectal, breast, prostate, skin, and bladder tissues with real-time quantitative RT-PCR. These genes included, large ribosomal protein, beta-actin, cyclophilin A, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerokinase 1, beta-2-microglobin, beta-glucuronidase, hypoxanthine ribosyltransferase (HPRT), TATA-box-binding protein, transferrin receptor, porphobilinogen deaminase, ATP synthase 6, and 18S ribosomal RNA. Principal component analysis was used to analyze these expression patterns, independent of the level of expression. Our approach identified HPRT as the single best reference gene that could be used as an accurate and economic alternative for the measurement of multiple housekeeping genes. We recommend this gene for future studies to standardize gene expression measurements in cancer research and tumor diagnostics until a definite gold standard has been determined. [References: 28] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Medical Research, General Topics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: de Kok JB Univ Med Ctr Nijmegen, Dept Clin Chem POB 9101 NL-6500 HB Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Nijmegen, Dept Clin Chem NL-6500 HB Nijmegen Netherlands Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm NL-3720 BA Bilthoven Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Nijmegen, Dept Surg NL-6500 HB Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Nijmegen, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat NL-6500 HB Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Med Ctr Nijmegen, Dept Chem Endocrinol NL-6500 HB Nijmegen Netherlands <20> UI - 886CR-0008 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886CR AU - de Oliveira MA AU - de Almeida WB AU - dos Santos HF MA - oliveira@netuno.qui.ufmg.br RA - de Oliveira MA TI - Structure and electronic properties of alkylthiophenes coupled by Head-to-Tail and Head-to-Head regioselectivity SO - Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society. 15(6):832-838, 2004 Nov-Dec. AS - J. Braz. Chem. Soc 2004 Nov-Dec;15(6):832-838 PU - SOC BRASILEIRA QUIMICA, CAIXA POSTAL 26037, 05599-970 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL IS - 0103-5053 MH - Alkylthiophenes MH - Ht-tt regioselectivity MH - Hh-tt regioselectivity MH - Polymer alkylation. MH - Differential-overlap technique MH - Photosynthetic reaction-center MH - Molecular-orbital methods MH - Gaussian-type basis MH - Ab-initio MH - Rhodopseudomonas-viridis MH - Intermediate neglect MH - Organic-molecules MH - Spectroscopy MH - Poly(3-alkylthiophenes). AB - In the present paper a theoretical analysis of alkylthiophenes with Head-Tail-Head-Tail (HT-HT) and Head-Head-Tail-Tail (HH-TT) regioselectivities up to 6 monomeric units was carried out. Structure and electronic properties for the syn and anti forms were calculated by ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) approaches. The energy gap between the conduction and valence bands was obtained at HF and DFT levels and also calculated with the semiempirical ZINDO/S-Cl method. The results showed that the isomer with HH-TT regioselectivity presents lower energy gap for longer oligomers and the substitution of thiophene by alkyl groups does not change significantly the energy gap. This is important in the sense that more processable polymers can be obtained through alkylation without decrease the energy gap that is a molecular properties related to the electronic conductivity. Regarding to the conformational equilibrium, the syn form was found to be stable only for the HT-HT isomer and in this case the energy gap was found to be lower than those calculated for the anti form. [References: 41] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: de Oliveira MA Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Inst Ciencias Exatas, Dept Quim Campus Univ Martelos BR-36036330 Juiz De Fora MG Brazil Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Inst Ciencias Exatas, Dept Quim BR-36036330 Juiz De Fora MG Brazil Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Exatas, Dept Quim BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil <21> UI - 886PN-0054 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886PN AU - Nakamura Y AU - Hwang IW AU - Aratani N AU - Ahn TK AU - Ko DM AU - Takagi A AU - Kawai T AU - Matsumoto T AU - Kim D AU - Osuka A MA - dongho@yonsei.ac.kr, osuka@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp RA - Kim D TI - Directly meso-meso linked porphyrin rings: Synthesis, characterization, and efficient excitation energy hopping SO - Journal of the American Chemical Society. 127(1):236-246, 2005 Jan 12. AS - J. Am. Chem. Soc 2005 Jan 12;127(1):236-246 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0002-7863 MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Femtosecond transient absorption MH - Dendritic multiporphyrin arrays MH - Excited-state photodynamics MH - Lh2 antenna system MH - Photophysical properties MH - Crystal-structure MH - Fluorescence anisotropy MH - Gable-porphyrins MH - Purple bacteria. AB - Directly meso-meso linked porphyrin rings CZ4, CZ6, and CZ8 that respectively comprise four, six, and eight porphyrins have been synthesized in a stepwise manner from a 5,10-diaryl zinc(II) porphyrin building block. Symmetric cyclic structures have been indicated by their very simple H-1 NMR spectra that exhibit only a single set of porphyrin and their absorption spectra that display a characteristic broad nonsplit Soret band around 460 nm. Energy minimized structures calculated at the B3LYP/6-31G* level indicate that a dihedral angle between neighboring porphyrins decreases in order of CZ6 > CZ8 > CZ4, which is consistent with the 1H NMR data. Photophysical properties of these molecules have been examined by the steady-state absorption, fluorescence, fluorescence lifetime, fluorescence anisotropy decay, and transient absorption measurements. Both the pump-power dependence on the femtosecond transient absorption and the transient absorption anisotropy decay profiles are directly related with the excitation energy migration processes within the porphyrin rings, where the exciton-exciton annihilation time and the polarization anisotropy rise time are well described in terms of the Forster-type incoherent energy hopping model. Consequently, the excitation energy hopping rates have been estimated for CZ4 (119 +/- 2 fs)(-1), CZ6 (342 +/- 59 fs)(-1), and CZ8 (236 +/- 31 fs)(-1), which reflect the magnitude of the electronic coupling between the neighboring porphyrins. Overall, these porphyrin rings serve as a well-defined wheel-shaped light harvesting antenna model in light of very efficient excitation energy hopping along the ring. [References: 72] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry & Analysis in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kim D Yonsei Univ, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Characterist Control Seoul 120749 South Korea Yonsei Univ, Ctr Ultrafast Opt Characterist Control Seoul 120749 South Korea Yonsei Univ, Dept Chem Seoul 120749 South Korea Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Sakyo Ku Kyoto 6068502 Japan Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Core Res Evolut Sci & Technol, Sakyo Ku Kyoto 6068502 Japan Osaka Univ, ISIR, CREST, JST Agcy Osaka 5670047 Japan <22> UI - 887MT-0008 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887MT AU - Goncalves RP AU - Busselez J AU - Levy D AU - Seguin J AU - Scheuring S MA - simon.scheuring@curie.fr RA - Scheuring S TI - Membrane insertion of Rhodopseudomonas acidophila light harvesting complex 2 investigated by high resolution AFM SO - Journal of Structural Biology. 149(1):79-86, 2005 Jan. AS - J. Struct. Biol 2005 Jan;149(1):79-86 PU - ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA. URL: http://www.apnet.com IS - 1047-8477 MH - 2d-crystallization MH - Atomic force microscopy MH - B8oo-850 MH - Bacterial photosynthesis MH - Lipid-to-protein ratio MH - Protein-protein interaction. MH - Atomic-force microscope MH - 2-dimensional crystallization MH - Purple bacteria MH - Photosynthetic apparatus MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Rubrivivax-gelatinosus MH - Crystal-structure MH - Ii b800-850 MH - Lh2 MH - Proteins. AB - Light harvesting complexes 2 (LH2) are the peripheral antenna proteins in the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus and are built of alpha/beta-heterodimers containing three bacteriochlorophylls and two carotenoids each. Previously, we have found in 2D-crystals that the complexes could be inserted within the membrane with a tilt with respect to the membrane plane (Rhodobacter sphaeroides) or without tilt (Rubrivivax gelatinosus). To investigate whether the tilted insertion represents the native state or if it is due to specific 2D-crystal contacts, we have used atomic force microscopy to investigate LH2 from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila reconstituted at different lipid to protein ratios. High-resolution topographs could be acquired of two types of 2D-crystals or of densely packed membranes. Interestingly, in type 2 2D-crystals and in non-crystalline densely packed membranes. cylinders are integrated with their symmetry axis normal to the membrane plane, while in type 1 2D-crystals LH2 cylinders are integrated with a tilt of similar to4degrees with respect to the membrane plane. Therefore, we present strong evidence that the tilt of LH2 does not represent the native membrane state and is due to protein-protein contacts in specific 2D-crystals. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 31] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Scheuring S Inst Curie, CNRS, UMR 168 11 Rue Pierre & Marie Curie F-75231 Paris 05 France Inst Curie, CNRS, UMR 168 F-75231 Paris 05 France Inst Curie, LRC, CEA 34V F-75231 Paris France CEA, Serv Biophys Fonct Membranaires, Dept Biol Joliot Curie F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France CEA Saclay, CNRS, URA 2096 F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France <23> UI - 886OU-0004 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886OU AU - Doncheva S AU - Georgieva K AU - Vassileva V AU - Stoyanova Z AU - Popov N AU - Ignatov G MA - doncheva@obzor.bio21.bas.bg RA - Doncheva S TI - Effects of succinate on manganese toxicity in pea plants SO - Journal of Plant Nutrition. 28(1):47-62, 2005. AS - J. Plant Nutr 2005;28(1):47-62 PU - MARCEL DEKKER INC, 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA. URL: http://www.dekker.com IS - 0190-4167 MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Chloroplast structure MH - Growth rate MH - Manganese MH - Pisum sativum. MH - Tolerant tobacco plants MH - Excess manganese MH - Mn-tolerant MH - In-vitro MH - Chlorophyll MH - Photosynthesis MH - Accumulation MH - Wheat MH - Rice MH - Deposition. AB - Pea (Pisum sativum cv. Citrine) plants were grown in nutrient solution containing various manganese (Mn) concentrations in the presence or absence of succinate to evaluate the potential role of succinate in the plant tolerance to Mn excess. Supplying pea plants with excess Mn led to a reduction in the relative growth rate (RGR), chlorophyll a and b content, photosynthetic O-2 evolution activity, and photosystem II (PSII) activity, as measured in the light-adapted state (phiPSII) in comparison to the control. The primary photochemical efficiency of PSII, estimated by the F-v/F-m ratio, was less affected by increasing Mn concentration. Chloroplasts from Mn-treated leaves exhibited significant changes in their ultrastructure, depending on the strength of Mn toxicity. The concentration of Mn in roots, stem, and leaves increased with the increase of Mn in the nutrient solution. Addition of succinate before and after Mn treatment did not reduce the inhibitory effect of Mn on the plant growth, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic O-2 evolution activity, and chloroplast structure of the pea plants. It was found that supply of exogenous succinate at a high Mn concentration (over 1500 /muM) in the nutrient solution led to an increase of Mn uptake in the roots accompanied by a decrease in a Mn translocation to the leaves and stems compared to Mn-treated pea-plants. However, differences in the toxicity effect of Mn in both Mn and Mn/Succinate-treated pea plants were not detected. Thus, such changes in Mn distribution within the Mn/succinate-treated plant did not confer tolerance of Mn excess to pea plants. These results suggest that succinate probably has an affinity for Mn and may function as a "terminal acceptor" of large amounts of Mn, decreasing Mn transport to the stem and leaves, but does not contribute to Mn tolerance. [References: 42] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Doncheva S Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Physiol Acad G Bonchev Str,BI 21 BU-1113 Sofia Bulgaria Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Physiol BU-1113 Sofia Bulgaria Univ Agr Plovdiv Bulgaria <24> UI - 887FK-0001 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887FK AU - Song EK AU - Zulfugarov IS AU - Kim JH AU - Kim EH AU - Lee WS AU - Lee CH MA - chlee@pusan.ac.kr RA - Lee CH TI - Selection and characterization of transposon tagging mutants of Synechocystis sp PCC 6803 sensitive to high-light and oxidative stresses SO - Journal of Plant Biology. 47(4):289-299, 2004 Dec 31. AS - J. Plant Biol 2004 Dec 31;47(4):289-299 PU - BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA, CATHOLIC UNIV KOREA, DEPT LIFE SCIENCES, PUCHON 420-743, SOUTH KOREA IS - 1226-9239 MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Cyanobacterium MH - High light MH - Oxidative stress MH - Photoinhibition. MH - Cyanobacterial photosynthetic system MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Protein-phosphorylation MH - Phycobilisome structure MH - Electron-transport MH - Gene MH - Photoinhibition MH - Stoichiometry MH - Chloroplasts MH - Fluorescence. AB - We compared several analytical tools to identify which were most applicable for the selection and characterization of specific transposon-tagged mutant strains of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 that are sensitive to high light and oxidative stresses. Our primary parameter was the maximum photochemical efficiency of dark-adapted cells, a very sensitive factor that can be determined in a non-destructive manner. Using this as a tool for primary selection, we identified five mutant strains with different sensitivities to photoinhibition and photooxidation. For further characterization, we obtained data describing the absorption spectra for pigment contents, the 77 K fluorescence spectra, non-photochemical quenching (as a down-regulation process), and the photosynthetic electron transfer rate. Based on these results, we were able to design a strategy for selecting mutants with specific phenotypes. Here, we also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each selection and characterization tool. [References: 41] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Lee CH Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Biol Mol Pusan 609735 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Biol Mol Pusan 609735 South Korea Sungkyunkwan Univ, Dept Sci Biol Suwon 440746 South Korea <25> UI - 887FK-0004 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887FK AU - Kim JH AU - Baek MH AU - Chung BY AU - Wi SC AU - Kim JS MA - jhongkim@pusan.ac.kr RA - Kim JH TI - Alterations in the photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant machineries of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings from gamma-irradiated seeds SO - Journal of Plant Biology. 47(4):314-321, 2004 Dec 31. AS - J. Plant Biol 2004 Dec 31;47(4):314-321 PU - BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA, CATHOLIC UNIV KOREA, DEPT LIFE SCIENCES, PUCHON 420-743, SOUTH KOREA IS - 1226-9239 MH - Antioxidant enzyme MH - Carotenoid MH - Chlorphyll a fluorescence MH - Low-dose radiation MH - Photosynthesis. MH - Superoxide-dismutase MH - Ionizing-radiation MH - Xanthophyll cycle MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Electron-transport MH - Oxidative stress MH - Higher-plants MH - In-vitro MH - Leaves MH - Chloroplasts. AB - To characterize the stimulatory effects of low-dose gamma radiation on early plant growth, we investigated alterations in the photosynthesis and antioxidant capacity of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings produced from gamma-irradiated seeds. For two cultivars (Yeomyung and Joheung), three irradiation groups (2, 4, and 8 Gy, but not 16 Gy) showed enhanced development, although Fv/Fm, the maximum photochemical efficiency of Photosystem II (PSII). did not differ significantly among any of the four groups. In contrast, values for 1/Fo - 1/Fm, i.e., a measure of functional PSII content, decreased in the irradiated groups of 'Yeomyung' but increased in those of 'Joheung'. Pigment analyses and enzyme activity assays revealed that irradiation altered the compositions of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase). However, these shifts were not directly related to the increase in early growth, although they were cultivar- and developmental stage-dependent. In addition, the effects of irradiation on the enzymatic activities measured here were at opposition between the two cultivars. [References: 53] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kim JH Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Div Radiat Applicat Res Taejon 305353 South Korea Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Div Radiat Applicat Res Taejon 305353 South Korea <26> UI - 887FK-0006 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887FK AU - Oh MH AU - Kim JH AU - Moon YH AU - Lee CH MA - chlee@pusan.ac.kr RA - Lee CH TI - Defects in a proteolytic step of light harvesting complex II in an Arabidopsis stay-green mutant, ore10, during dark-induced leaf senescence SO - Journal of Plant Biology. 47(4):330-337, 2004 Dec 31. AS - J. Plant Biol 2004 Dec 31;47(4):330-337 PU - BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF KOREA, CATHOLIC UNIV KOREA, DEPT LIFE SCIENCES, PUCHON 420-743, SOUTH KOREA IS - 1226-9239 MH - Arabidopsis thaliana MH - Leaf senescence MH - Light-harvesting complex ii MH - Proteolysis MH - Stay-green mutant. MH - Pigment-protein complex MH - Photosystem-ii MH - Acclimative proteolysis MH - Chlorophyll breakdown MH - Gene-expression MH - Leaves MH - Chloroplasts MH - Photoinhibition MH - Identification MH - Proteases. AB - During dark-induced leaf senescence (DIS), the non-functional stay-green mutant ore10 showed delayed chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and increased stability in its light-harvesting complex If (LHCII). These phenomena were closely related to the formation of aggregates that mainly consisted of terminal-truncated LHCII (Oh et al., 2003). The ore10 mutant apparently lacks the protease needed to degrade the truncated LHCII. In wild-type (WT) plants, protease was found in the thylakoid fraction, but not the soluble fraction. A similar experiment using dansylated LHCII revealed that the protease degraded both WT and ore10 LHCII, indicating that its stability in ore10 perhaps did not result from a defect in the LHCII polypeptides themselves. Although protease activity was not present in non-senesced WT leaves, it was induced during DIS. It also was possible to diminish the high level of protease present in the thylakoids through high-salt washing, suggesting that this enzyme is extrinsically bound to the outer surface of the stroma-exposed thylakoid regions. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Lee CH Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Biol Mol Pusan 609735 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Biol Mol Pusan 609735 South Korea <27> UI - 886FV-0079 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FV AU - Patargias G AU - Bond PJ AU - Deol SS AU - Sansom MSP MA - mark.sansom@biop.ox.ac.uk RA - Sansom MSP TI - Molecular dynamics simulations of GlpF in a micelle vs in a bilayer: Conformational dynamics of a membrane protein as a function of environment SO - Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 109(1):575-582, 2005 Jan 13. AS - J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 Jan 13;109(1):575-582 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 1520-6106 MH - Ewald boundary-conditions MH - Individual alpha-helices MH - Octyl glucoside micelles MH - A transmembrane domain MH - Particle mesh ewald MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Artificial periodicity MH - Biological-membranes MH - Glycerol conduction MH - Detergent micelles. AB - Octyl glucoside (OG) is a detergent widely employed in structural and functional studies of membrane proteins. To better understand the nature of protein-OG interactions, molecular dynamics simulations (duration 10 ns) have been used to explore an a-helical membrane protein, GlpF, in OG micelles and in DMPC bilayers. Greater conformational drift of the extramembraneous protein loops, from the initial X-ray structure, is seen for the GlpF-OG simulations than for the GlpF-DMPC simulation. The mobility of the transmembrane alpha-helices is similar to 1.3x higher in the GlpF-OG than the GlpF-DMPC simulations. The detergent is seen to form an irregular torus around the protein. The presence of the protein leads to a small perturbation in the behavior of the alkyl chains in the OG micelle, namely an similar to 15% increase in the trans -gauche(-) -gauche(+) transition time. Aromatic side chains (Trp, Tyr) and basic side chains (Arg, Lys) play an important role in both protein-detergent (OG) and protein-lipid (DMPC) interactions. [References: 76] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Sansom MSP Univ Oxford, Dept Biochem S Parks Rd Oxford OX1 3QU England Univ Oxford, Dept Biochem Oxford OX1 3QU England <28> UI - 886FV-0080 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FV AU - Braun-Sand S AU - Burykin A AU - Chu ZT AU - Warshel A MA - warshel@usc.edu RA - Warshel A TI - Realistic simulations of proton transport along the gramicidin channel: Demonstrating the importance of solvation effects SO - Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 109(1):583-592, 2005 Jan 13. AS - J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 Jan 13;109(1):583-592 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 1520-6106 MH - Free-energy relationships MH - Cytochrome-c-oxidase MH - Valence-bond model MH - Electron-transfer MH - Water-molecules MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Angstrom resolution MH - Enzymatic-reactions MH - Carbonic-anhydrase MH - Potassium channel. AB - The nature of proton transduction (PTR) through a file of water molecules, along the gramicidin A (gA) channel, has long been considered as being highly relevant to PTR in biological systems. Previous attempts to model this process implied that the so-called Grotthuss mechanism and the corresponding orientation of the water file plays a major role. The present work reexamines the PTR in -A by combining a fully microscopic empirical valence bond (EVB) model and a recently developed simplified EVB-based model with Langevin dynamics (LD) simulations. The full model is used first to evaluate the free energy profile for a stepwise PTR process. The corresponding results are then used to construct the effective potential of the simplified EVB. This later model is then used in Langevin dynamics simulations, taking into account the correct physics of possible concerted motions and the effect of the solvent reorganization. The simulations reproduce the observed experimental trend and lead to a picture that is quite different from that assumed previously. It is found that the PTR in gA is controlled by the change in solvation energy of the transferred proton along the channel axis. Although the time dependent electrostatic fluctuations of the channel and water dipoles play their usual role in modulating the proton-transfer process (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1984, 81, 444),(1) the PTR rate is mainly determined by the free energy profile. Furthermore, the energetics of the reorientation of the unprotonated water file do not appear to provide a consistent way of assessing the activation barrier for the PTR process. It seems to us that in the case of gA, and probably other systems with significant electrostatic barriers for the transfer of the proton charge, the PTR rate is controlled by the electrostatic barrier. This finding has clear consequences with regards to PTR processes in biological systems. [References: 65] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Warshel A Univ So Calif 3620 S McClintock Ave,SGM 418 Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA Univ So Calif Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA <29> UI - 887NQ-0010 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887NQ AU - Barazzouk S AU - Kamat PV AU - Hotchandani S MA - hotchand@uqtr.ca RA - Hotchandani S TI - Photoinduced electron transfer between chlorophyll a and gold nanoparticles [Review] SO - Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 109(2):716-723, 2005 Jan 20. AS - J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 Jan 20;109(2):716-723 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 1520-6106 MH - Fermi-level equilibration MH - Lipid bilayer vesicles MH - Triplet-state MH - Excited-states MH - Model systems MH - Visible absorption MH - Flash-photolysis MH - Energy-transfer MH - Fluorescence-spectra MH - Metal nanoparticles. AB - Excited-state interactions between chlorophyll a (Chla) and gold nanoparticles have been studied. The emission intensity of Chla is quenched by gold nanoparticles. The dominant process for this quenching has been attributed to the process of photoinduced electron transfer from excited Chla to gold nanoparticles, although because of a small overlap between fluorescence of Chla and absorption of gold nanoparticles, the energy-transfer process cannot be ruled out. Photoinduced electron-transfer mechanism is supported by the electrochemical modulation of fluorescence of Chla. In absence of an applied bias, Chla cast on gold film, as a result of electron transfer, exhibits a very weak fluorescence. However, upon negatively charging the gold nanocore by external bias, an increase in fluorescence intensity is observed. The negatively charged gold nanoparticles create a barrier and suppress the electron-transfer process from excited Chla to gold nanoparticles, resulting in an increase in radiative process. Nanosecond laser flash experiments of Chla in the presence of gold nanoparticles and fullerene (C-60) have demonstrated that Au nanoparticles, besides accepting electrons, can also mediate or shuttle electrons to another acceptor. Taking advantage of these properties of gold nanoparticles, a photoelectrochemical cell based on Chla and gold nanoparticles is constructed. A superior performance of this cell compared to that without the gold film is due to the beneficial role of gold nanoparticles in accepting and shuttling the photogenerated electrons in Chla to the collecting electrode, leading to an enhancement in charge separation efficiency. [References: 102] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hotchandani S Univ Quebec, Grp Rech Biol Vegetale Trois Rivieres PQ G9A 5H7 Canada Univ Quebec, Grp Rech Biol Vegetale Trois Rivieres PQ G9A 5H7 Canada Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Radiat Lab Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA <30> UI - 887NQ-0048 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887NQ AU - Santabarbara S AU - Carbonera D MA - s.santabarbara@qmul.ac.uk RA - Santabarbara S TI - Carotenoid triplet states associated with the long-wavelength-emitting chlorophyll forms of photosystem I in isolated thylakoid membranes SO - Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 109(2):986-991, 2005 Jan 20. AS - J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 Jan 20;109(2):986-991 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 1520-6106 MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Fluorescence emission-spectra MH - Detected magnetic-resonance MH - Minus-singlet spectrum MH - Energy-transfer MH - Higher-plants MH - Green plants MH - Antenna chlorophylls MH - Protein complexes MH - Crystal-structure. AB - The carotenoid triplet populations associated with the long-wavelength-emitting chlorophyll forms of photosystem I (PS I) have been investigated in isolated spinach thylakoids by means of fluorescence-detected magnetic resonance in zero field. The spectra collected in the 730-800 nm emission range can be globally fitted assuming the presence of four different carotenoid triplet states coupled to long-wavelength-emitting forms of PS I, having zero-field-splitting parameters \D\ = 0.0359 cm(-1) and \E\ = 0.00371 cm(-1), \D\ = 0.0382 cm(-1) and \E\ = 0.00388 cm(-1), \D\ = 0.0395 cm(-1) and \E\ = 0.00397 cm(-1), and \D\ = 0.0405 cm(-1) and \E\ = 0.00411 cm(-1). On the basis of the triplet-associated fluorescence emission profile, it is suggested that those triplets are associated with light-harvesting complex I, the peripheral antenna complex of PS I. [References: 55] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Santabarbara S Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol Sci Mile End Rd London E1 4NS England Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol Sci London E1 4NS England Univ Padua, Dipartimento Sci Chim I-35131 Padua Italy <31> UI - 887NQ-0049 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887NQ AU - Yanagi K AU - Shimizu M AU - Hashimoto H AU - Gardiner AT AU - Roszak AW AU - Cogdell RJ MA - hassy@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp RA - Hashimoto H TI - Local electrostatic field induced by the carotenoid bound to the reaction center of the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides SO - Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 109(2):992-998, 2005 Jan 20. AS - J. Phys. Chem. B 2005 Jan 20;109(2):992-998 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 1520-6106 MH - Stark-effect spectroscopy MH - Light-harvesting antennas MH - Triplet energy-transfer MH - State dipole-moments MH - Rhodopseudomonas-viridis MH - Rhodospirillum-rubrum MH - Dimeric molecules MH - Protein subunits MH - 3a resolution MH - Special pair. AB - Electroabsorption (EA) spectra were recorded in the region of the reaction center (RC) Q(y) absorption bands of bacteriochlorophyll (Bchl) and bacteriopheophytin, to investigate the effect of carotenoid (Car) on the electrostatic environment of the RCs of the purple bacterium Rhodobacter (Rb.) sphaeroides. Two different RCs were prepared from Rb. sphaeroides strain R26.1 (R26.1-RC); R26.1 RC lacking Car and a reconstituted RC (R26.1-RC+ Car) prepared by incorporating a synthetic Car (3,4-dihydrospheroidene). Although there were no detectable differences between these two RCs in their near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra at 79 and 293 K, or in their EA spectra at 79 K, significant differences were detected in their EA spectra at 293 K. Three nonlinear optical parameters of each RC were determined in order to evaluate quantitatively these differences; transition dipole-moment polarizability and hyperpolarizability (D factor), the change in polarizability upon photoexcitation (Deltaalpha), and the change in dipole-moment upon photoexcitation (Deltamu*). The value of D or Deltaalpha determined for each absorption band of the two RC samples showed similar values at 77 or 293 K. However, the Deltamu* values of the special pair Bchls (P) and the monomer Bchls absorption bands showed significant differences between the two RCs at 293 K. X-ray crystallography of the two RCs has revealed that a single molecule of the solubilizing detergent LDAO occupies part of the carotenoid binding site in the absence of a carotenoid. The difference in the value of Deltamu* therefore represents the differential effect of the detergent LDAO and the carotenoid on P. The change of electrostatic field around P induced by the presence of Car was determined to be 1.7 x 10(5) [V/cm], corresponding to a similar to10% change in the electrostatic field around P. [References: 53] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hashimoto H Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, PRESTO, JST Osaka 5588585 Japan Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, PRESTO, JST Osaka 5588585 Japan Osaka City Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys Osaka 5588585 Japan Univ Glasgow, Div Biochem & Mol Biol, IBLS Glasgow G12 8QQ Lanark Scotland <32> UI - 885WJ-0017 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885WJ AU - Goel HC AU - Gupta D AU - Gupta S AU - Garg AP AU - Bala M MA - goelharish@hotmail.com RA - Goel HC TI - Protection of mitochondrial system by Hippophae rhamnoides L. against radiation-induced oxidative damage in mice SO - Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. 57(1):135-143, 2005 Jan. AS - J. Pharm. Pharmacol 2005 Jan;57(1):135-143 PU - ROYAL PHARMACEUTICAL SOC GREAT BRITAIN, 1 LAMBETH HIGH ST, LONDON SE1 7JN, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.rpsgb.org.uk IS - 0022-3573 MH - Rat-liver mitochondria MH - Sea buckthorn MH - Gamma-radiation MH - Heart-disease MH - Pulp oils MH - Flavonoids MH - Radioprotection MH - Glutathione MH - Superoxide MH - Apoptosis. AB - The whole extract of the fresh berries of Hippophae rhamnoides L. (RH-3), which has been reported to provide protection to whole mice, various tissues, cells and cell organelles against lethal irradiation was further investigated for its effects on mitochondria isolated from mouse liver. Superoxide anion, reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex 1). NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex I/II), succinate-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex II/III), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), lipid pefoxidation (LPx) and protein oxidation (PO) were determined for RH-3-mediated radioprotective manifestation. Pre-irradiation treatment of mice with RH-3 (30 mg kg(-1), i.p.; single dose; -30 min) significantly inhibited the radiation-induced increase in superoxide anions, GSSG, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TEARS), complex 1, complex I/III activity and MMP maximally at 4 h (P< 0.05). This treatment inhibited the oxidation of proteins (P< 0.05) at all the time periods studied here. This study suggests that pre-irradiation treatment of mice with RH-3 protects the functional integrity of mitochondria from radiation-induced oxidative stress. [References: 47] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Pharmacology & Toxicology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Goel HC Singh Univ, Dept Appl Microbiol Meerut 250005 Uttar Pradesh India Inst Nucl Med & Allied Sci, Radiat Biol Div Delhi 110054 India <33> UI - 885CK-0001 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885CK AU - Schofield O AU - Bergmann T AU - Oliver MJ AU - Irwin A AU - Kirkpatrick G AU - Bissett WP AU - Moline MA AU - Orrico C MA - oscar@imcs.marine.rutgers.edu RA - Schofield O TI - Inversion of spectral absorption in the optically complex coastal waters of the Mid-Atlantic Bight - art. no. C12S04 SO - Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. 109(C12):S1204, 2004 Dec 28. AS - J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans 2004 Dec 28;109(C12):S1204 PU - AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA. URL: http://www.agu.org IS - 0148-0227 MH - Absorption MH - Phytoplankton MH - Bio-optics MH - Water mass analysis. MH - Dissolved organic-matter MH - Sea transition zone MH - Phytoplankton absorption MH - Hplc measurements MH - Class abundances MH - Natural-waters MH - River outflow MH - Chlorophyll-a MH - Fluorescence MH - Coefficients. AB - Recent advances in hydrologic optics offer the potential for quantitative maps of inherent optical properties, which can be inverted into optically significant constituents. During summer experiments in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) a procedure to invert bulk absorption measurements from off-the-shelf technology was developed. The inversion provides optical concentration estimates of phytoplankton, colored dissolved organic matter ( CDOM), and detritus. Inversion estimates were validated against chlorophyll fluorescence, filter pad absorption, and phytoplankton pigment measurements. The inversion could account for up to 90% of the observed variance in particulates, CDOM, and detritus. Robust estimates for phytoplankton community composition could be achieved but required constraints on the inversion that phytoplankton dominate the red light absorption. Estimates for the composition, as indicated by spectral slopes, for CDOM and detritus were not robust. During the summer months in nearshore waters of the MAB, total absorption was almost equally associated (+/-10%) with phytoplankton, detritus, and CDOM, and the regions of variability were associated with major frontal boundaries. The variance between particulates, CDOM, and detritus varied spatially and with year; which precluded robust correlations. [References: 63] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Earth Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Schofield O Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Coastal Ocean Observat Lab New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Coastal Ocean Observat Lab New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA Mote Marine Lab Sarasota, FL 34236 USA Florida Environm Res Inst Tampa, FL 33611 USA Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA <34> UI - 887DB-0009 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887DB AU - Ducreux LJM AU - Morris WL AU - Hedley PE AU - Shepherd T AU - Davies HV AU - Millam S AU - Taylor MA MA - mtaylo@scri.sari.ac.uk RA - Taylor MA TI - Metabolic engineering of high carotenoid potato tubers containing enhanced levels of beta-carotene and lutein SO - Journal of Experimental Botany. 56(409):81-89, 2005 Jan. AS - J. Exp. Bot 2005 Jan;56(409):81-89 PU - OXFORD UNIV PRESS, GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.oup.co.uk IS - 0022-0957 MH - Beta-carotene MH - Carotenoids MH - Lutein MH - Microarray MH - Potato MH - Transgenic. MH - Seed-specific overexpression MH - Phytoene synthase gene MH - Abscisic-acid MH - Prostate-cancer MH - Expression MH - Plants MH - Biosynthesis MH - Zeaxanthin MH - Tomatoes MH - Lycopene. AB - In order to enhance the carotenoid content of potato tubers, transgenic potato plants have been produced expressing an Erwinia uredovora crtB gene encoding phytoene synthase, specifically in the tuber of Solanum tuberosum L. cultivar Desiree which normally produces tubers containing c. 5.6 mug carotenoid g(-1) DW and also in Solanum phureja L. cv. Mayan Gold which has a tuber carotenoid content of typically 20 mug carotenoid g(-1) DW. In developing tubers of transgenic crtB Desiree lines, carotenoid levels reached 35 mug carotenoid g(-1) DW and the balance of carotenoids changed radically compared with controls: beta-carotene levels in the transgenic tubers reached c. 11 mug g(-1) DW, whereas control tubers contained negligible amounts and lutein accumulated to a level 19-fold higher than empty-vector transformed controls. The crtB gene was also transformed into S. phureja (cv. Mayan Gold), again resulting in an increase in total carotenoid content to 78 mug carotenoid g(-1) DW in the most affected transgenic line. In these tubers, the major carotenoids were violaxanthin, lutein, antheraxanthin, and beta-carotene. No increases in expression levels of the major carotenoid biosynthetic genes could be detected in the transgenic tubers, despite the large increase in carotenoid accumulation. Microarray analysis was used to identify a number of genes that were consistently up- or down-regulated in transgenic crtB tubers compared with empty vector controls. The implications of these data from a nutritional standpoint and for further modifications of tuber carotenoid content are discussed. [References: 36] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Animal & Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Taylor MA Scottish Crop Res Inst Dundee DD2 5DA Scotland Scottish Crop Res Inst Dundee DD2 5DA Scotland <35> UI - 887DB-0020 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887DB AU - Guera A AU - Calatayud A AU - Sabater B AU - Barreno E MA - alfredo.guera@uah.es RA - Guera A TI - Involvement of the thylakoidal NADH-plastoquinoneoxidoreductase complex in the early responses to ozone exposure of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings SO - Journal of Experimental Botany. 56(409):205-218, 2005 Jan. AS - J. Exp. Bot 2005 Jan;56(409):205-218 PU - OXFORD UNIV PRESS, GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.oup.co.uk IS - 0022-0957 MH - Chloroplast MH - Hordeum vulgare MH - Ndh (nadh-plastoquinone-oxidoreductase) MH - Complex MH - Non-photochemical quenching MH - Ozone MH - Photo-oxidative stress. MH - Cyclic electron flow MH - Chloroplastic nad(p)h dehydrogenase MH - Chlorophyll-a fluorescence MH - Plastid ndh genes MH - Photosystem-i MH - Plastoquinone pool MH - Photooxidative stress MH - Ascorbate peroxidase MH - Superoxide-dismutase MH - Antioxidant enzymes. AB - oxidoreductase (Ndh) complex in the response against ozone-mediated oxidative stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves was investigated. After a 4 h treatment, exposure of barley seedlings to moderate ozone concentrations produced leaf-age-dependent increases in lipid peroxidation, peroxidase, and Ndh complex activities in the thylakoid membranes. A significant amount and activity of the Ndh complex were detected in mature barley leaves, but not in young barley leaves. In fact, young barley leaves behaved like ndh-deficient leaves in most of the aspects studied. When plants were exposed to photo-oxidative light after ozone fumigation, the recovery of F-v/F-m was lower in young leaves than in mature leaves. Ozone treatment significantly decreased non-photochemical quenching (q(N)) in young leaves, but not in mature leaves. Mature leaves showed higher levels of the energy (Deltamu(H+)) dependent (q(E)) component of q(N). Treatment with antimycin A, an inhibitor of cyclic electron flow, increased the decay of q(N) produced by ozone in young leaves, but not in mature ones. The reduction state of plastoquinone increased after ozone treatment in mature dark-adapted leaves and was strongly quenched by far red light. It is proposed that the function of the Ndh complex helps the maintenance of q(N), probably through the poising of the redox steady-state level of the intersystem carriers and then by optimizing the rate of cyclic electron flow. This should constitute an age-dependent early response in barley leaves, by contributing to minimize photoinhibition in the presence of ozone and high light. [References: 70] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Animal & Plant Sciences in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Guera A Univ Alcala de Henares, Fac Biol, Dept Biol Vegetal E-28871 Alcala De Henares Spain Univ Alcala de Henares, Fac Biol, Dept Biol Vegetal E-28871 Alcala De Henares Spain Univ Valencia, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Bot, Inst Cavanilles Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut E-46100 Burjassot Spain <36> UI - 885ZF-0037 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885ZF AU - McGoldrick HM AU - Roessner CA AU - Raux E AU - Lawrence AD AU - McLean KJ AU - Munro AW AU - Santabarbara S AU - Rigby SEJ AU - Heathcote P AU - Scott AI AU - Warren MJ MA - m.j.warren@qmul.ac.uk RA - Warren MJ TI - Identification and characterization of a novel vitamin B-12 (Cobalamin) biosynthetic enzyme (CobZ) from Rhodobacter capsulatus, containing flavin, heme, and Fe-S cofactors SO - Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280(2):1086-1094, 2005 Jan 14. AS - J. Biol. Chem 2005 Jan 14;280(2):1086-1094 PU - AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA. URL: http://www.asbmb.org IS - 0021-9258 MH - Escherichia-coli MH - Pseudomonas-denitrificans MH - Salmonella-typhimurium MH - Ring contraction MH - Tight regulation MH - Coenzyme b-12 MH - Insertion MH - Clusters MH - Ligands MH - Genes. AB - One of the most intriguing steps during cobalamin (vitamin B-12) biosynthesis is the ring contraction process that leads to the extrusion of one of the integral macrocyclic carbon atoms from the tetrapyrrole-derived framework. The aerobic cobalamin pathway requires the action of a monooxygenase called CobG (precorrin-3B synthase), which generates a hydroxylactone intermediate that is subsequently ring-contracted by CobJ. However, in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus, which harbors an aerobic-like pathway, there is no cobG in the main cobalamin biosynthetic operon although it does contain an additional uncharacterized gene called orf663. To demonstrate the involvement of Orf663 in cobalamin synthesis, the first dedicated 10 genes of the B-12 pathway (including orf663), encoding enzymes for the transformation of uroporphyrinogen III into hydrogenobyrinic acid (HBA), were sequentially cloned into a plasmid to generate an artificial operon, which, when transformed into Escherichia coli, endowed the host with the ability to make HBA. Deletion of orf663 from this operon prevented HBA synthesis, demonstrating that it was essential for corrin construction. HBA synthesis was restored to this recombinant strain either by returning orf663 or by substituting it with cobG. Recombinant overproduction of Orf663, now renamed CobZ, allowed the characterization of a novel cofactor-rich protein, housing two Fe-S centers, a flavin, and a heme group, which like B-12 itself is a modified tetrapyrrole. A mechanism for Orf663 (CobZ) in cobalamin biosynthesis is proposed. [References: 36] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Warren MJ Univ London Queen Mary & Westfield Coll, Sch Biol Sci Mile End Rd London E1 4NS England Univ London Queen Mary & Westfield Coll, Sch Biol Sci London E1 4NS England Texas A&M Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Biol NMR College Stn, TX 77843 USA Univ Leicester, Dept Biochem Leicester LE1 7RH Leics England <37> UI - 885ZF-0057 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885ZF AU - Scheuring S AU - Busselez J AU - Levy D MA - simon.scheuring@curie.fr RA - Scheuring S TI - Structure of the dimeric PufX-containing core complex of Rhodobacter blasticus by in situ atomic force microscopy SO - Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280(2):1426-1431, 2005 Jan 14. AS - J. Biol. Chem 2005 Jan 14;280(2):1426-1431 PU - AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA. URL: http://www.asbmb.org IS - 0021-9258 MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Photosynthetic reaction center MH - Cytochrome bc(1) complex MH - Crystal-structure MH - Rhodopseudomonas-viridis MH - Rhodospirillum-rubrum MH - Supramolecular organization MH - Rubrivivax-gelatinosus MH - Resolution criterion MH - Native membranes. AB - We have studied photosynthetic membranes of wild type Rhodobacter blasticus, a closely related strain to the well studied Rhodobacter sphaeroides, using atomic force microscopy. High-resolution atomic force microscopy topographs of both cytoplasmic and periplasmic surfaces of LH2 and RC-LH1-PufX ( RC, reaction center) complexes were acquired in situ. The LH2 is a nonameric ring inserted into the membrane with the 9-fold axis perpendicular to the plane. The core complex is an S-shaped dimer composed of two RCs, each encircled by 13 LH1 alpha/beta-heterodimers, and two PufXs. The LH1 assembly is an open ellipse with a topography-free gap of similar to25 Angstrom. The two PufXs, one of each core, are located at the dimer center. Based on our data, we propose a model of the core complex, which provides explanation for the PufX-induced dimerization of the Rhodobacter core complex. The Q(B) site is located facing a similar to25-Angstrom wide gap within LH1, explaining the PufX-favored quinone passage in and out of the core complex. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Scheuring S Inst Curie, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 168 11 Rue Pierre & Marie Curie F-75231 Paris 05 France Inst Curie, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 168 F-75231 Paris 05 France Commiss Energie Atom 34V, Lab Rech Correspondant F-75231 Paris France <38> UI - 888BD-0020 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888BD AU - Jian L AU - Du CJ AU - Lee AH AU - Binns CW MA - Andy.Lee@curtin.edu.au RA - Lee AH TI - Do dietary lycopene and other carotenoids protect against prostate cancer? SO - International Journal of Cancer. 113(6):1010-1014, 2005 Mar 1. AS - Int. J. Cancer 2005 Mar 1;113(6):1010-1014 PU - WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA. URL: http://www.wiley.com IS - 0020-7136 MH - Case-control study MH - Lycopene MH - Carotenoids MH - Prostate cancer MH - China. MH - Tomato products MH - United-states MH - Risk MH - China. AB - To determine whether dietary intake of lycopene and other carotenoids has an etiological association with prostate cancer, a case-control study was conducted in Hangzhou, southeast China during 2001-2002. The cases were 130 incident patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The controls were 274 hospital inpatients without prostate cancer or any other malignant diseases. Information on usual food consumption, including vegetables and fruits, was collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured food frequency questionnaire. The risks of prostate cancer for the intake of carotenoids and selected vegetables and fruits rich in carotenoids were assessed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, locality, education, income, body mass index, marital status, number of children, family history of prostate cancer, tea drinking, total fat and caloric intake. The prostate cancer risk declined with increasing consumption of lycopene, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin. Intake of tomatoes, pumpkin, spinach, watermelon and citrus fruits were also inversely associated with the prostate cancer risk. The adjusted odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest quartiles of intake were 0.18 (95% CI: 0.08-0.41) for lycopene, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.21-0.85) for alpha-carotene, 0.34 (95% CI: 0.17-0.69) for beta-carotene, 0.15 (95% CI: 0.06-0.34) for beta-cryptoxanthin and 0.02 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10) for lutein and zeaxanthin. The corresponding dose-response relationships were also significant, suggesting that vegetables and fruits rich in lycopene and other carotenoids may be protective against prostate cancer. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [References: 29] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Oncogenesis & Cancer Research in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Lee AH Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth GPO Box U 1987 Perth WA Australia Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth Perth WA Australia Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med Hangzhou Peoples R China <39> UI - 886WB-0004 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886WB AU - Cartelat A AU - Cerovic ZG AU - Goulas Y AU - Meyer S AU - Lelarge C AU - Prioul JL AU - Barbottin A AU - Jeuffroy MH AU - Gate P AU - Agati G AU - Moya I MA - zoran.cerovic@lure.u-psud.fr RA - Cerovic ZG TI - Optically assessed contents of leaf polyphenolics and chlorophyll as indicators of nitrogen deficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO - Field Crops Research. 91(1):35-49, 2005 Jan 14. AS - Field Crop. Res 2005 Jan 14;91(1):35-49 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0378-4290 MH - Nitrogen fertilisation MH - Polyphenol MH - Optical sensor MH - Precision agriculture MH - Decision support tool. MH - Primary leaves MH - Phenylpropanoid metabolism MH - Epidermal transmittance MH - Phenolic biosynthesis MH - Solar-radiation MH - Uv-radiation MH - Flavonoids MH - Fluorescence MH - Plants MH - Barley. AB - There is an increasing need for diagnostic tools that can assess the crop nitrogen (N) nutrition status during the growth cycle. In addition to the leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content, we proposed here the use of the leaf content of polyphenolics (Phen) as a potential indicator of crop N status. Because of their absorption features in the visible and in the UV part of the spectrum, both Chl and Phen can be measured by rapid and non-destructive optical methods. Therefore, we used two leaf-clip devices, the Minolta SPAD-502 for Chl, and the Dualex for Phen. The latter is a prototype (patent pending) that measures the UV absorbance of the leaf epidermis, which is related to the leaf Phen content. Dynamics of Phen and Chl were measured on the last fully developed leaves of two winter wheat cultivars subjected to different levels, of N availability, from tillering to flowering, in 2001, 2002 and 2003. Both Phen and Chl contents were found to increase along the leaf, starting from the ligula, regardless of the stage of development. Both variables were highly correlated with the N concentration of leaves. The average Chl content of the leaf increased, and the average Phen content decreased, with the increased application of N to the field, irrespective of the growth stage, the cultivar and the year of experiment. Therefore, both Phen and Chl can be considered as probes of the crop N nutrition status. Still, the relationship between Chl and the nitrogen nutrition index (NNI), used as a reference indicator of N deficiency, was influenced by the growth stage, whereas the year of experiment affected the relationship between Phen and the NNI. We also propose the use of the simple Chl/Phen ratio as an indicator of leaf N content at the canopy level, for future application in precision agriculture. This ratio would alleviate, at least partially, the problem of gradients along leaves, and would even accentuate the differences among levels of crop N deficiencies because of the Chl and Phen inverse dependence on the crop N nutrition status. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 62] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Agriculture/Agronomy in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Cerovic ZG Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE CNRS, Equipe Photosynth & Teledetect Bat 203,BP 34 F-91898 Orsay France Ctr Univ Paris Sud, LURE CNRS, Equipe Photosynth & Teledetect F-91898 Orsay France Univ Paris 11, Inst Biotechnol Plantes F-91405 Orsay France INRA INA, UMR Agron F-78850 Thiverval Grignon France Arvalis Inst Vegetal F-78280 Guyancourt France CNR, Ist Fis Applicata I-50119 Sesto Fiorentino Italy <40> UI - 888DN-0003 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888DN AU - Fukuchi K AU - Takahashi K AU - Tatsumoto H RA - Fukuchi K TI - Impacts of UV-A irradiation on laser-induced fluorescence spectra in UV-B damaged peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) leaves SO - Environmental Technology. 25(11):1233-1240, 2004 Nov. AS - Environ. Technol 2004 Nov;25(11):1233-1240 PU - SELPER LTD, PUBLICATIONS DIV, 79 RUSTHALL AVENUE, LONDON W4 1BN, ENGLAND IS - 0959-3330 MH - Uv-a MH - Uv-b MH - Arachis hypogaea l. MH - Vitality index MH - Laser-induced fluorescence. MH - Stratospheric ozone MH - Radiation MH - Vegetation. AB - Influence of ultraviolet A (UV-A) exerted on ultraviolet B (UV-B) damaged peanut leaves was examined by using the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) method. The vitality index of the leaves was estimated from the measurement of the induction kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence that was done in parallel with LIT spectra measurement. Visible ray irradiation of several hours to the UV-B damaged leaves recovered the vitality index of the leaves, while UV-A irradiation for the same period to the UV-B damaged leaves decreased the vitality index remarkably. No significant decrease of the vitality index was seen by the UV-A irradiation of several hours to the control (damage-less) leaves. It was understood that the UV-A irradiation to the UV-B damaged leaves causes the synergistic decrease of the vitality index. It is known that UV-absorbing pigments induced by UV-B irradiation are able to reduce not only UV penetration into the leaf but also photo-system II damage of the leaves. In this experiment, it is thought that the UV-absorbing pigments were decomposed by the UV-A irradiation and so further decreased in the vitality index of the leaves. [References: 21] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Environment/Ecology in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Fukuchi K Kisarazu Natl Coll Technol 2-11-1 Kiyomidai Higashi Chiba 2920041 Japan Kisarazu Natl Coll Technol Chiba 2920041 Japan Chiba Univ, Fac Engn, Inage Ku Chiba 2638522 Japan <41> UI - 887BV-0009 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887BV AU - Novoselova EG AU - Ogay VB AU - Sorokina OV AU - Glushkova OV AU - Sinotova OA AU - Fesenko EE MA - elenanov@icb.psn.ru RA - Novoselova EG TI - The production of tumor necrosis factor in cells of tumor-bearing mice after total-body microwave irradiation and antioxidant diet SO - Electromagnetic Biology & Medicine. 23(2):167-180, 2004. AS - Electromagn. Biol. Med 2004;23(2):167-180 PU - MARCEL DEKKER INC, 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA. URL: http://www.dekker.com IS - 1536-8378 MH - Tumor necrosis factor MH - Microwaves MH - Tumors MH - Antioxidants. MH - Factor-alpha MH - Cancer patients MH - Leukemia-cells MH - Vitamin-c MH - Tnf-alpha MH - Cytokines MH - Melphalan MH - Perfusion MH - Release MH - Growth. AB - The effects of repeated treatment with weak microwaves (MW) (8.15-18 GHz, 1 muW/cm(2), 1.5 h daily) and diet with antioxidants (AO) (beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, and ubiquinone Q(9)) on production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in macrophages and T lymphocytes of healthy and tumor-bearing mice (TBM) were studied. Tumor size and mortality of TBM were also followed. Microwave radiation and antioxidant diet stimulated production of TNF in cells from healthy mice. At early stages, tumor growth induced TNF production in mouse cells; however, this effect decreased as tumors grew. In TBM exposed to MW, TNF production was higher than in unirradiated TBM. Oppositely, AO diet induced TNF production in healthy mice but did not affect TNF secretion in TBM. Accordingly, prolonged treatment of TBM to MW, but not to AO diet, decreased tumor growth rate and increased overall animal longevity. These results suggest that diminished tumor growth rate due to extremely low-level MW exposure of mice carrying tumors, at least in part, was caused by enhancement in TNF production and accumulation of plasma TNF. [References: 29] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Experimental Biology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Novoselova EG Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cell Biophys Pushchino 142290 Moscow Region Russia Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cell Biophys Pushchino 142290 Moscow Region Russia <42> UI - 887IP-0020 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887IP AU - Wu QH AU - Zhu MZ AU - Wei SJ AU - Liu L AU - Guo QX MA - qxguo@ustc.edu.cn RA - Guo QX TI - Photoinduced electron transfer in host-guest complexes of 2-naphthyl-(OCH2CH2)(n)-adamantanamines with mono-6-O-nitrobenzoyl-beta-cyclodextrin and mono-6-O-m-nitrobenzoyl-beta-cyclodextrin SO - Chinese Journal of Chemistry. 23(1):98-104, 2005 Jan. AS - Chin. J. Chem 2005 Jan;23(1):98-104 PU - SCIENCE CHINA PRESS, 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA. URL: Http://www.scichina.com IS - 1001-604X MH - Photoinduced electron transfer MH - Host-guest complex MH - Cyclodextrin MH - Supermolecule MH - Fluorescence quenching. MH - Laser flash-photolysis MH - Fullerenes c-60/c-70 MH - Beta-cyclodextrin MH - Artificial photosynthesis MH - Supramolecular systems MH - Inclusion complexation MH - Molecular recognition MH - Ether tpdae MH - Chemistry MH - Dna. AB - A number of naphthalene donor compounds that possess an adamantanamine binding moiety and an (OCH2CH2)(n) (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8) spacer were synthesized. The fluorescence quenching between these donor substrates and mono-6-O-p-nitrobenzoyl-beta-cyclodextrin (pNBCD) and mono-6-O-m-nitrobenzoyl-beta-cyclodextrin (mNBCD) was studied in detail. It was found that very efficient fluorescence quenching could occur in these supramolecular systems. This quenching was attributed to the photoinduced electron transfer inside the supramolecular assembly between the naphthalene donors and cyclodextrin acceptors. Detailed Stern-Volmer constants were measured and they were partitioned into dynamic Stern-Volmer quenching constants and static binding constants. It was demonstrated that the binding constants between all the naphthalene compounds and cyclodextrins are the same as they possess the same binding site, i.e., adamantanamine. [References: 52] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Guo QX Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem Hefei 230026 Anhui Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem Hefei 230026 Anhui Peoples R China <43> UI - 887VL-0011 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887VL AU - Winters MU AU - Pettersson K AU - Martensson J AU - Albinsson B MA - balb@chembio.chalmers.se RA - Albinsson B TI - Competition between superexchange-mediated and sequential electron transfer in a bridged donor-acceptor system SO - Chemistry-A European Journal. 11(2):562-573, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Chem.-Eur. J 2005 Jan 7;11(2):562-573 PU - WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH, PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY. URL: http://www.wiley-vch.de IS - 0947-6539 MH - Electron transfer MH - Porphyrin MH - Sequential electron transfer MH - Solvent effects MH - Superexchange. MH - Triplet energy-transfer MH - Molecular-wire behavior MH - Reaction center complex MH - Porphyrin dimers MH - Charge separation MH - Solvent dependence MH - Dielectric-relaxation MH - Temperature MH - Stepwise MH - Recombination. AB - The temperature- and solvent-dependence of photoinduced electron-transfer reactions in a porphyrin-based donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) system is studied by fluorescence and transient absorption spectroscopy. Two competing processes occur: sequential and direct superexchange-mediated electron transfer. In a weakly polar solvent (2-methyltetrahydrofuran), only direct electron transfer from the excited donor to the appended acceptor is observed, and this process has weak temperature dependence. In polar solvents (butyronitrile and dimethyf-formamide), both processes are observed and the sequential electron transfer shows strong temperature dependence. In systems where both electron transfer processes are observed, the long-range superexchange-mediated process is more than two times faster than the sequential process, even though the donor-acceptor distance is significantly larger in the former case. [References: 51] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Albinsson B Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem & Biosci S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Chem & Biosci S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden <44> UI - 887SK-0007 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887SK AU - Nagoshi T AU - Igarashi S RA - Nagoshi T TI - Chlorophyll chemiluminescence emitted by chlorin ring cleavage with acetonitrile and hydrogen peroxide SO - Chemistry Letters. 34(1):22-23, 2005 Jan 5. AS - Chem. Lett 2005 Jan 5;34(1):22-23 PU - CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN, 1-5 KANDA-SURUGADAI CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-8307, JAPAN. URL: http://www.csj.jp/index-e.html IS - 0366-7022 AB - In the presence of acetonitrile and NaOH, when H2O2 was added to the solution containing chlorophyll, it was found that a strong chemiluminescence (CL) was emitted. The blue light was emitted with the decomposition of chlorophyll. It is considered that the emitter contains the decomposition products of chlorophyll based on the following measurement results, such as the reduction of absorbance for chlorophyll and the difference of the spectral form between fluorescence and CL. The CL of the chlorines, such as chlorophyll, and the porphyrin analogue compounds were compared under the same conditions. Consequently, the obtained CL was strong in the chlorin complex which contains Mg or Zn. On the other hand, the CL was not strongly observed with porphyrin compounds. In the chlorophyll CL, when the chlorin ring is oxidized by the generated O-.(2)-, the excited molecule would be produced in the process of ring cleavage, and then CL is emitted to the outside. [References: 7] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Nagoshi T Ibaraki Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mat Sci Hitachi Ibaraki 3168511 Japan Ibaraki Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Mat Sci Hitachi Ibaraki 3168511 Japan <45> UI - 887SK-0018 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887SK AU - Baba K AU - Okamura T AU - Yamamoto H AU - Yamamoto T AU - Ohama M AU - Ueyama N RA - Ueyama N TI - Monooxomolybdenum(IV) complex with extremely bulky dithiolate ligands - Acceleration of O-atom transfer by distorted square pyramidal conformation SO - Chemistry Letters. 34(1):44-45, 2005 Jan 5. AS - Chem. Lett 2005 Jan 5;34(1):44-45 PU - CHEMICAL SOC JAPAN, 1-5 KANDA-SURUGADAI CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-8307, JAPAN. URL: http://www.csj.jp/index-e.html IS - 0366-7022 MH - Crystal-structure MH - Rhodobacter-capsulatus MH - Angstrom resolution MH - Dmso reductase MH - Active-sites MH - Molybdenum MH - Systems MH - Oxidase MH - Enzyme. AB - Q(2)[(MoO)-O-IV{1,2-S-2-3,6-(Ph3CCONH)(2)C6H2}(2)] (Q = NEt4 (1), PPh4 (2)) was synthesized and characterized as a model for Mo-enzymes. The crystal structure of 2 shows the slightly distorted square pyramidal core, (MoOS4)-O-IV. The O-atom transfer reaction from Me3NO to Me3N in the presence of I proceeds at 30 to 48 times higher rates than in the presence of [(MoO)-O-IV{1,2-S-2-(C6H4)}(2)](2-) (3). [References: 16] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Ueyama N Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Macromol Sci Osaka 5600043 Japan Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Macromol Sci Osaka 5600043 Japan <46> UI - 886YT-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886YT AU - Lundberg M AU - Siegbahn PEM MA - marc@physto.se RA - Lundberg M TI - Minimum energy spin crossings for an O-O bond formation reaction SO - Chemical Physics Letters. 401(4-6):347-351, 2005 Jan 11. AS - Chem. Phys. Lett 2005 Jan 11;401(4-6):347-351 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0009-2614 MH - Photosynthetic water oxidation MH - Photosystem-ii MH - States MH - Mechanism MH - Oxygen MH - Chemistry MH - Surfaces MH - Complex MH - Point MH - O-2. AB - The O-O bond formation reaction in the synthetic O-2, formation catalyst, [(terpy)((HO)-O-2)Mn-IV(mu-O)(2)Mn-III(H2O)(terpy)](3+) (terpy=2,2':6,2"-terpyridine), goes through a transition between two spin surfaces. Using DFT with the B3LYP functional. three different minimum energy crossing points have been located for this redox reaction. The system is predicted to perform the spin crossing close to (+0.1 kcal/mol) the low-spin MnIII-OOH product and this transition does not significantly affect the kinetics. The location of spin crossings in this system is relevant for discussions of O-O bond formation in the oxygen evolving complex of photosystem II. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 22] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Physical Chemistry/Chemical Physics in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Lundberg M Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Unvi Ctr, Dept Phys SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Unvi Ctr, Dept Phys SE-10691 Stockholm Sweden <47> UI - 885EK-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885EK AU - Liu Y AU - Edge R AU - Henbest K AU - Timmel CR AU - Hore PJ AU - Gast P MA - peter.hore@chem.ox.ac.uk RA - Hore PJ TI - Magnetic field effect on singlet oxygen production in a biochemical system SO - Chemical Communications. (2):174-176, 2005. AS - Chem. Commun 2005;(2):174-176 PU - ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.rsc.org IS - 1359-7345 MH - Reaction centers MH - Photosynthetic bacteria MH - Electromagnetic-fields MH - Childhood leukemia MH - Pooled analysis MH - Triplet-state MH - Radical-pair MH - Recombination MH - Sphaeroides MH - Mechanism. AB - The yield of singlet oxygen sensitized by chemically modified, carotenoidless bacterial photosynthetic reaction centres and the ensuing oxidative damage are both shown to be magnetic field-dependent. [References: 20] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences CC - Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hore PJ Univ Oxford, Dept Chem, Phys & Theoret Chem Lab Oxford OX1 3QZ England Univ Oxford, Dept Chem, Phys & Theoret Chem Lab Oxford OX1 3QZ England Leiden Univ, Huygens Lab, Dept Biophys NL-2300 RA Leiden Netherlands <48> UI - 884XX-0011 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884XX AU - Barbosa MJ AU - Zijffers JW AU - Nisworo A AU - Vaes W AU - van Schoonhoven J AU - Wijffels RH MA - maria.barbosa@wur.nl RA - Barbosa MJ TI - Optimization of biomass, vitamins, and carotenoid yield on light energy in a flat-panel reactor using the A-stat technique SO - Biotechnology & Bioengineering. 89(2):233-242, 2005 Jan 20. AS - Biotechnol. Bioeng 2005 Jan 20;89(2):233-242 PU - JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA. URL: http://www.wiley.com IS - 0006-3592 MH - Microalgae MH - A-stat MH - Flat-panel MH - Vitamins MH - Carotenoids MH - Light. MH - Alpha-tocopherol MH - Euglena-gracilis MH - Beta-carotene MH - Xanthophyll-cycle MH - Cultivation MH - Microalgae MH - Parameters MH - Proteins MH - Algae. AB - Acceleration-stat (A-stat) cultivations in which the dilution rate is continuously changed at a constant acceleration rate, leading to different average light intensities inside the photobioreactor, can supply more information and reduce experimental time compared with chemostat cultivations. The A-stat was used to optimize the biomass and product yield of continuous cultures of the microalgae D. tertiolecta in a flat-panel reactor. In this study, four different accelerations were studied, a pseudo steady state was maintained at acceleration rates of 0.00016 and 0.00029 h(-2) and results were similar to those of the chemostat. An increase in the acceleration rate led to an increase in the deviation between results obtained in the A-stat and in the chemostats. We concluded that it is advantageous to use the A-stat instead of chemostats to determine culture characteristics and optimize a specific photobioreactor. The effect of average light intensity inside the photobioreactor on the production of vitamins C and E, lutein, and beta-carotene was studied using the A-stat. The highest concentrations of these products were 3.48 +/- 0.46, 0.33 +/- 0.06, 5.65 +/- 0.24, and 2.36 +/- 0.38 mg g(-1), respectively. These results were obtained at different average light intensities, showing the importance of optimizing each product on light intensity. (C) 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [References: 27] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Barbosa MJ Wageningen Univ, Food & Bioproc Engn Grp POB 8129 NL-6700 EV Wageningen Netherlands Wageningen Univ, Food & Bioproc Engn Grp NL-6700 EV Wageningen Netherlands TNO Nutr & Food Res, Dept Food & Food Supplement Anal Zeist Netherlands <49> UI - 887ZN-0026 DD - ISI Document Solution: 887ZN AU - Nasha SMB AU - Schreiber U AU - Ralph PJ AU - Muller JF MA - s.nash@uq.edu.au RA - Nasha SMB TI - The combined SPE : ToxY-PAM phytotoxicity assay; application and appraisal of a novel biomonitoring tool for the aquatic environment SO - Biosensors & Bioelectronics. 20(7):1443-1451, 2005 Jan 15. AS - Biosens. Bioelectron 2005 Jan 15;20(7):1443-1451 PU - ELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, OXFORD FULFILLMENT CENTRE THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0956-5663 MH - Phytotoxicity MH - Bioassay MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Herbicides MH - Solid-phase extraction MH - Environmental monitoring. MH - Great-barrier-reef MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Triazine herbicides MH - Quantum yield MH - Toxicity MH - Atrazine MH - Exposure MH - Sensitivity MH - Biosensors MH - Diuron. AB - Mounting concerns regarding the environmental impact of herbicides has meant a growing requirement for accurate, timely information regarding herbicide residue contamination of, in particular, aquatic systems. Conventional methods of detection remain limited in terms of practicality due to high costs of operation and the specialised information that analysis provides. A new phytotoxicity bioassay was trialled for the detection of herbicide residues in filter-purified (Milli-Q) as well as natural waters. The performance of the system, which combines solid-phase extraction (SPE) with the ToxY-PAM dual-channel yield analyser (Heinz Walz GmbH), was tested alongside the traditional method of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The assay methodology was found to be highly sensitive (LOD 0.1 ng L-1 diuron) with good reproducibility. The study showed that the assay protocol is time effective and can be employed for the aquatic screening of herbicide residues in purified as well as natural waters. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 36] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences CC - Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Nasha SMB Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol Brisbane Qld 4108 Australia Univ Queensland, Natl Res Ctr Environm Toxicol Brisbane Qld 4108 Australia Univ Wurzburg, Lerstuhl Botan, Julius Von Sachs Inst Biowissensch D-97082 Wurzburg Germany Univ Technol, Res Inst Water & Environm Resource Management Sydney NSW 2065 Australia <50> UI - 886TC-0007 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886TC AU - Fukuoka S AU - Ajiki Y AU - Ohga T AU - Kawanami Y AU - Izumori K MA - kawanami@ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp RA - Kawanami Y TI - Production of dihydroxy C-50-carotenoid by Aureobacterium sp FERM P-18698 SO - Bioscience, Biotechnology & Biochemistry. 68(12):2646-2648, 2004 Dec. AS - Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem 2004 Dec;68(12):2646-2648 PU - JAPAN SOC BIOSCI BIOTECHN AGROCHEM, JAPAN ACAD SOC CTR BLDG, 2-4-6 YAYOI BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113, JAPAN. URL: http://wwwsoc.nacsis.ac.jp/jsbba IS - 0916-8451 MH - Aureobacterium sp. MH - D-psicose MH - C50-carotenoid MH - Decaprenoxanthin. MH - D-psicose MH - Carotenoids MH - Combination MH - Zeaxanthin MH - Pigment MH - Lutein. AB - The dihydroxy C-50-carotenoid, decaprenoxanthin, was produced by Aureobacterium sp. collected from sea water. The addition of D-psicose to the culture medium improved the growth of cells and the yield of the carotenoid. The C-13-NMR spectrum of decaprenoxanthin, which has not previously been reported, was successfully measured. [References: 13] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Agricultural Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kawanami Y Kagawa Univ, Fac Agr Miki Cho Kagawa 7610795 Japan Kagawa Univ, Fac Agr Kagawa 7610795 Japan Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Takamatsu Kagawa 7610395 Japan Yamagata Res Inst Technol, Shonai Testing Facil Yamagata 9971321 Japan <51> UI - 886TC-0012 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886TC AU - Wakai S AU - Kikumoto M AU - Kanao T AU - Kamimura K MA - kamimura@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp RA - Kamimura K TI - Involvement of Sulfide : Quinone oxidoreductase in sulfur oxidation of an acidophilic iron-oxidizing bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans NASF-1 SO - Bioscience, Biotechnology & Biochemistry. 68(12):2519-2528, 2004 Dec. AS - Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem 2004 Dec;68(12):2519-2528 PU - JAPAN SOC BIOSCI BIOTECHN AGROCHEM, JAPAN ACAD SOC CTR BLDG, 2-4-6 YAYOI BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113, JAPAN. URL: http://wwwsoc.nacsis.ac.jp/jsbba IS - 0916-8451 MH - Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans MH - Ubiquinol oxidase MH - Sulfide : quinone oxidoreductase MH - Sulfur oxidation MH - Acidophile. MH - Ferric ion oxidoreductase MH - Thiobacillus-ferrooxidans MH - Cytochrome-oxidase MH - Hydrogen-sulfide MH - Ferrobacillus-ferrooxidans MH - Purification MH - Pathways MH - Rusticyanin MH - Respiration MH - Thiosulfate. AB - The effects of cyanide, azide, and 2-n-Heptyl-4-hydroxy-quinoline-N-oxide (HQNO) on the oxidation of ferrous ion or elemental sulfur with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans NASF-1 cells grown in iron- or sulfur-medium were examined. The iron oxidation of both iron- and sulfur-grown cells was strongly inhibited by cyanide and azide, but not by HQNO. Sulfur oxidation was relatively resistant to cyanide and azide, and inhibited by HQNO. Higher sulfide oxidation, ubiquinol dehydrogenase activity, and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) activity were observed in sulfur-grown cells more than in iron-grown cells. Sulfide oxidation in the presence of ubiquinone with the membrane fraction was inhibited by HQNO, but not by cyanide, azide, antimycin A, and myxothiazol. The transcription of three genes, encoding an aa(3)-type cytochrome c oxidase (coxB), a bd-type ubiquinol oxidase (cydA), and an sqr, were measured by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The transcriptional levels of coxB and cydA genes were similar in sulfur- and iron-grown cells, but that of sqr was 3-fold higher in sulfur-grown cells than in iron-grown cells. A model is proposed for the oxidation of reduced inorganic sulfur compounds in A. ferrooxidans NASF-1 cells. [References: 49] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Agricultural Chemistry in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kamimura K Okayama Univ, Fac Agr 1-1-1 Tsushima Naka Okayama 7008530 Japan Okayama Univ, Fac Agr Okayama 7008530 Japan Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Nat Sci & Technol, Div Sci & Technol Energy Convers Okayama 7008530 Japan <52> UI - 884MY-0035 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884MY AU - Shinkarev VP MA - vshinkar@uiuc.edu RA - Shinkarev VP TI - Flash-induced oxygen evolution in photosynthesis: Simple solution for the extended S-state model that includes misses, double-hits, inactivation, and backward-transitions SO - Biophysical Journal. 88(1):412-421, 2005 Jan. AS - Biophys. J 2005 Jan;88(1):412-421 PU - BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA. URL: http://www.biophysics.org/biophs/society/biohome.htm IS - 0006-3495 MH - Evolving photosystem-ii MH - Cyanide meta-chlorophenylhydrazone MH - Inside-out thylakoids MH - Dunaliella-tertiolecta MH - Spinach-chloroplasts MH - Fluorescence yield MH - Difference spectra MH - Kinetic-analysis MH - Matrix analysis MH - Water oxidase. AB - Flash-induced oxygen evolution in higher plants, algae, and cyanobacteria exhibits damped period-four oscillations. To explain such oscillations, Kok suggested a simple phenomenological S-state model, in which damping is due to empirical misses and double-hits. Here we developed an analytical solution for the extended Kok model that includes misses, double-hits, inactivation, and backward-transitions. The solution of the classic Kok model ( with misses and double-hits only) can be obtained as a particular case of this solution. Simple equations describing the. ash-number dependence of individual S-states and oxygen evolution in both cases are almost identical and, therefore, the classic Kok model does not have a significant advantage in its simplicity over the extended version considered in this article. Developed equations significantly simplify the fitting of experimental data via standard nonlinear regression analysis and make unnecessary the use of many previously developed methods for finding parameters of the model. The extended Kok model considered here can provide additional insight into the effect of dark relaxation between. ashes and inactivation. [References: 67] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Shinkarev VP Univ Illinois, Dept Biochem 156 Davenport Hall,607 S Mathews Ave Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Illinois, Dept Biochem Urbana, IL 61801 USA <53> UI - 884MY-0036 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884MY AU - Rutkauskas D AU - Novoderezhkin V AU - Cogdell RJ AU - van Grondelle R MA - danielis@nat.vu.nl RA - Rutkauskas D TI - Fluorescence spectroscopy of conformational changes of single LH2 complexes SO - Biophysical Journal. 88(1):422-435, 2005 Jan. AS - Biophys. J 2005 Jan;88(1):422-435 PU - BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA. URL: http://www.biophysics.org/biophs/society/biohome.htm IS - 0006-3495 MH - Light-harvesting complexes MH - Rhodopseudomonas-acidophila strain-10050 MH - Photosynthetic antenna complexes MH - Excitation-energy transfer MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Purple bacteria MH - Rhodospirillum-molischianum MH - Molecule spectroscopy MH - Protein complex MH - B850 band. AB - We have investigated the energy landscape of the bacterial photosynthetic peripheral light-harvesting complex LH2 of purple bacterium Rhodopseudomonas acidophila by monitoring sequences of fluorescence spectra of single LH2 assemblies, at room temperature, with different excitation intensities as well as at elevated temperatures, utilizing a confocal microscope. The fluorescence peak wavelength of individual LH2 complexes was found to abruptly move between long-lived quasi-stable levels differing by up to 30 nm. The frequency and size of these fluorescence peak movements were found to increase linearly with the excitation intensity. These spectral shifts either to the blue or to the red were accompanied by a broadening and decrease of the intensity of the fluorescence spectrum. The probability for a particle to undergo significant spectral shift in either direction was found to be roughly the same. Using the modified Redfield theory, the observed changes in spectral shape and intensity were accounted for by changes in the realization of the static disorder. Long lifetimes of the quasi-stable states suggest large energetic barriers between the states characterized by different emission spectra. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Rutkauskas D Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron, Dept Biophys & Phys Complex Syst NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, AN Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol Moscow 119899 Russia Univ Glasgow, Inst Biomed & Life Sci, Div Biochem & Mol Biol Glasgow G12 8QQ Lanark Scotland <54> UI - 884XR-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884XR AU - O'Neill J AU - Manion M AU - Schwartz P AU - Hockenbery DM MA - dhockenb@fred.fhcrc.org RA - Hockenbery DM TI - Promises and challenges of targeting Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic proteins for cancer therapy [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Reviews on Cancer. 1705(1):43-51, 2004 Dec 10. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Rev. Cancer 2004 Dec 10;1705(1):43-51 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0304-419X MH - Apoptosis MH - Bcl-2 MH - Bcl-x MH - Bh3 domain MH - Molecular target MH - Mitochondria. MH - Programmed cell-death MH - Cytochrome-c release MH - Antimycin-a MH - X-l MH - Nuclear apoptosis MH - Induce apoptosis MH - Mammalian-cells MH - Ion-channel MH - Bcl-x(l) MH - Bax. AB - Cancer cells with elevated levels of BCL-2 and related survival proteins are broadly resistant to cytotoxic agents. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, and more recently small molecule ligands for BCL-2 and BCL-X-L, are directly cytotoxic or synergistic with standard cytotoxic agents, and in some cases, may demonstrate selectivity for tumor cells. The usual issues for rational drug discovery are writ large upon BCL-2-targeted therapeutics. The molecular functions of BCL-2 are not well understood, such that validation of cytotoxic mechanisms related to BCL-2 as well as identification of surrogate markers for BCL-2 function are significant obstacles for drug development. Despite these problems, a substantial number of small molecules that bind to BCL-2 or BCL-XL are now available for pre-clinical testing; in turn, basic studies with these reagents should yield new insights about optimal strategies to disrupt BCL-2 survival functions. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 61] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Oncogenesis & Cancer Research in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hockenbery DM Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr 1100 Fairview Ave N,D2-190,POB 19024 Seattle, WA 98109 USA Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr Seattle, WA 98109 USA <55> UI - 886FY-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FY AU - Dalbey RE AU - Chen MY MA - dalbey@chemistry.ohio-state.edu RA - Dalbey RE TI - Sec-translocase mediated membrane protein biogenesis [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research. 1694(1-3):37-53, 2004 Nov 11. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res 2004 Nov 11;1694(1-3):37-53 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0167-4889 MH - Secyeg MH - Membrane protein insertions membrane protein assembly MH - Protein targeting MH - Membrane translocation. MH - Signal-recognition particle MH - Coli inner membrane MH - Tetracycline resistance protein MH - Positively charged residues MH - Methionine-rich domain MH - M13 procoat protein MH - Proton motive force MH - Escherichia-coli MH - Leader peptidase MH - Preprotein translocation. AB - a-Helical transmembrane proteins in bacteria are localized within the plasma membrane. The membrane assembly of these proteins requires protein devices for insertion into the lipid bilayer. In E. coli, membrane proteins require the SRP pathway components Ffh. 4.5S RNA and FtsY for membrane targeting and the SecYEGDF translocase and. in some cases. SecA. for translocation of hydrophilic domains. In addition, YidC, a recently discovered membrane protein, mediates the membrane integration and folding of hydrophobic domains of membrane proteins. In this review, we will describe the current status of the protein targeting and membrane integration pathways. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 162] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Cell & Developmental Biology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Dalbey RE Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem 120 W 18th Ave Columbus, OH 43210 USA Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem Columbus, OH 43210 USA <56> UI - 886FY-0006 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FY AU - Facey SJ AU - Kuhn A MA - andikuhn@uni-hohenheim.de RA - Kuhn A TI - Membrane integration of E-coli model membrane proteins [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research. 1694(1-3):55-66, 2004 Nov 11. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res 2004 Nov 11;1694(1-3):55-66 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0167-4889 MH - Membrane insertion MH - See translocon MH - Yidc MH - Reconstitution MH - Ges scale MH - Topology. MH - Signal-recognition particle MH - Positively charged residues MH - M13 procoat protein MH - Pf3 coat protein MH - Core region hydrophobicity MH - Proton motive force MH - N-terminal tail MH - Inner membrane MH - Cytoplasmic membrane MH - Leader peptidase. AB - The molecular events of membrane translocation and insertion have been investigated using a number of different model proteins. Each of these proteins has specific features that allow interaction with the membrane components which ensure that the proteins reach their specific local destination and final conformation. This review will give an overview on the best-characterized proteins studied in the bacterial system and emphasize the distinct aspects of the pathways. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 93] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Cell & Developmental Biology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Kuhn A Univ Hohenheim, Inst Microbiol & Mol Biol D-70599 Stuttgart Germany Univ Hohenheim, Inst Microbiol & Mol Biol D-70599 Stuttgart Germany <57> UI - 886FY-0008 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FY AU - Veenendaal AKJ AU - van der Does C AU - Driessen AM MA - a.j.m.driessen@biol.rug.nl RA - Driessen AM TI - The protein-conducting channel SecYEG [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research. 1694(1-3):81-95, 2004 Nov 11. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res 2004 Nov 11;1694(1-3):81-95 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0167-4889 MH - Protein-conducting channel MH - Translocase MH - Secyeg MH - Protein translocation MH - Secretion. MH - Coli preprotein translocase MH - Signal sequence recognition MH - Cyanobacterium synechococcus pcc7942 MH - Endoplasmic-reticulum membrane MH - Conserved cytoplasmic region MH - Nearest-neighbor analysis MH - Maltose-binding protein MH - Proton motive force MH - Vivo cross-linking MH - Escherichia-coli. AB - In bacteria, the translocase mediates the translocation of proteins into or across the cytosolic membrane. It consists of a membrane embedded protein-conducting channel and a peripherally associated motor domain, the ATPase SecA. The channel is formed by SecYEG, a multimeric protein complex that assembles into oligomeric forms. The structure and subunit composition of this protein-conducting channel is evolutionary conserved and a similar system is found in the endoplasmic reticulum of eukaryotes and cytoplasmic membrane of archaea. The ribosome and other membrane proteins can associate with the protein-conducting channel complex and affect its activity or functionality. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 177] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Cell & Developmental Biology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Driessen AM Groningen Biomol Sci & Biotechnol Inst, Dept Mol Microbiol NL-9750 AA Haren Netherlands Groningen Biomol Sci & Biotechnol Inst, Dept Mol Microbiol NL-9750 AA Haren Netherlands <58> UI - 886FY-0009 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886FY AU - van Dalen A AU - de Kruijff B MA - b.dekruijff@chem.uu.nl RA - de Kruijff B TI - The role of lipids in membrane insertion and translocation of bacterial proteins [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research. 1694(1-3):97-109, 2004 Nov 11. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Mol. Cell Res 2004 Nov 11;1694(1-3):97-109 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0167-4889 MH - Lipid-protein interaction MH - Protein secretion MH - Protein insertion MH - Membrane protein assembly MH - Membrane phospholipid. MH - Coli inner membrane MH - Positively charged residues MH - Signal recognition particle MH - Pf3 coat protein MH - Prokaryotic k+ channel MH - M13 procoat protein MH - Proton motive force MH - Escherichia-coli MH - Anionic phospholipids MH - Plasma-membrane. AB - Phospholipids are essential building blocks of membranes and maintain the membrane permeability barrier of cells and organelles. They provide not only the bilayer matrix in which the functional membrane proteins reside, but they also can play direct roles in many essential cellular processes. In this review, we give an overview of the lipid involvement in protein translocation across and insertion into the Escherichia coli inner membrane. We describe the key and general roles that lipids play in these processes in conjunction with the protein components involved. We focus on the Sec-mediated insertion of leader peptidase. we describe as well the more direct roles that lipids play in insertion of the small coat proteins Pf3 and M13. Finally, we focus on the role of lipids in membrane assembly of oligomeric membrane proteins, using the potassium channel KcsA as model protein. In all cases, the anionic lipids and lipids with small headgroups play important roles in either determining the efficiency of the insertion and assembly process or contributing to the directionality of the insertion process. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 135] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Cell & Developmental Biology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: de Kruijff B Univ Utrecht, Dept Membranes Biochem, Ctr Biomembranes & Lipid Enzymol, Inst Biomembranes Padualaan 8 NL-3584 CH Utrecht Netherlands Univ Utrecht, Dept Membranes Biochem, Ctr Biomembranes & Lipid Enzymol, Inst Biomembranes NL-3584 CH Utrecht Netherlands <59> UI - 888MG-0001 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Hinkle PC MA - pch5@cornell.edu RA - Hinkle PC TI - P/O ratios of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):1-11, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):1-11 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Oxidation phosphorylation MH - P/o ratio MH - Proton leak MH - Slip MH - Atp synthase. MH - Atp-site ratios MH - Liver-mitochondria MH - Submitochondrial particles MH - Mechanistic stoichiometry MH - Energy-transduction MH - Electron-transport MH - Cytochrome-c MH - Nonequilibrium thermodynamics MH - Proton translocation MH - Ion transport. AB - Mitochondrial mechanistic P/O ratios are still in question. The major studies since 1937 are summarized and various systematic errors are discussed. Values of about 2.5 with NADH-linked substrates and 1.5 with succinate are consistent with most reports after apparent contradictions are explained. Variability of coupling may occur under some conditions but is generally not significant. The fractional values result from the coupling ratios of proton transport. An additional revision of P/O ratios may be required because of a report of the structure of ATP synthase (D. Stock, A.G.W. Leslie, J.E. Walker, Science 286 (1999) 1700-1705) which suggests that the H+/ATP ratio is 10/3, rather than 3, consistent with P/O ratios of 2.3 with NADH and 1.4 with succinate. values that are also possible. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 103] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hinkle PC Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet Ithaca, NY 14853 USA Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet Ithaca, NY 14853 USA <60> UI - 888MG-0002 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Dekker JP AU - Boekema EJ MA - JP.Dekker@few.vu.nl RA - Dekker JP TI - Supramolecular organization of thylakoid membrane proteins in green plants [Review] SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):12-39, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):12-39 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Photosynthesis MH - Photosystem i MH - Photosystem ii MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Cytochrome b(6)/f complex MH - Thylakoid membrane MH - Supercomplex MH - Grana MH - Cyclic electron transport MH - State transition MH - Nonphotochemical quenching. MH - Light-harvesting-complex MH - Photosystem-ii membranes MH - Cyanobacterium-synechococcus sp MH - Cytochrome b(6)f complex MH - Cyclic electron flow MH - Manganese-stabilizing protein MH - Nearest-neighbor analysis MH - Barley plastid membranes MH - Chlorophyll-a/b proteins MH - Synechocystis sp pcc6803. AB - The light reactions of photosynthesis in green plants are mediated by four large protein complexes, embedded in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. Photosystem I (PSI) and Photosystem II (PSII) are both organized into large supercomplexes with variable amounts of membrane-bound peripheral antenna complexes. PSI consists of a monomeric core complex with single copies of four different LHCI proteins and has binding sites for additional LHCI and/or LHCII complexes. PSII supercomplexes are dimeric and contain usually two to four copies of trimeric LHCII complexes. These supercomplexes have a further tendency to associate into megacomplexes or into crystalline domains, of which several types have been characterized. Together with the specific lipid composition, the structural features of the main protein complexes of the thylakoid membranes form the main trigger for the segregation of PSII and LHCII from PSI and ATPase into stacked grana membranes. We suggest that the margins, the strongly folded regions of the membranes that connect the grana, are essentially protein-free, and that protein-protein interactions in the lumen also determine the shape of the grana. We also discuss which mechanisms determine the stacking of the thylakoid membranes and how the supramolecular organization of the pigment-protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane and their flexibility may play roles in various regulatory mechanisms of green plant photosynthesis. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 235] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Dekker JP Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron De Boelelaan 1081 NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Div Phys & Astron NL-1081 HV Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Groningen, Groningen Biomol Sci & Biotechnol Inst, Dept Biophys Chem NL-9747 AG Groningen Netherlands <61> UI - 888MG-0004 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Schlodder E AU - Cetin M AU - Byrdin M AU - Terekhova IV AU - Karapetyan NV MA - eberhard.schlodder@tu-berlin.de RA - Schlodder E TI - P700(+)- and (3)P700-induced quenching of the fluorescence at 760 nm in trimeric Photosystem I complexes from the cyanobactenium Arthrospira platensis SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):53-67, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):53-67 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Photosystem i MH - P700 MH - Energy transfer MH - Fluorescence quenching MH - Transient absorbance spectroscopy MH - Long-wavelength antenna chlorophyll MH - Arthrospira platensis. MH - Wavelength antenna chlorophylls MH - Sp pcc 6803 MH - Spirulina-platensis MH - Synechococcus-elongatus MH - Energy-transfer MH - Electron-transfer MH - Temperature-dependence MH - Linear dichroism MH - Primary donor MH - P700. AB - The 5 K absorption spectrum of Photosystem I (PS I) trimers from Arthrospira platensis (old name: Spirulina platensis) exhibits long-wavelength antenna (exciton) states absorbing at 707 nm (called C707) and at 740 nm (called C740). The lowest energy state (C740) fluoresces around 760 nm (F760) at low temperature. The analysis of the spectral properties (peak position and line width) of the lowest energy transition (C740) as a function of temperature within the linear electron-phonon approximation indicates a large optical reorganization energy of similar to110 cm(-1) and a broad inhomogeneous site distribution characterized by a line width of similar to115 cm(-1). Linear dichroism (LD) measurements indicate that the transition dipole moment of the red-most state is virtually parallel to the membrane plane. The relative fluorescence yield at 760 nm of PS I with P700 oxidized increases only slightly when the temperature is lowered to 77 K, whereas in the presence of reduced P700 the fluorescence yield increases nearly 40-fold at 77 K as compared to that at room temperature (RT). A fluorescence induction effect could not be resolved at RT. At 77 K the fluorescence yield of PS I trimers frozen in the dark in the presence of sodium ascorbate decreases during illumination by about a factor of 5 due to the irreversible formation of P700(+)F(A.B)(-) in about 60% of the centers and the reversible accumulation of the longer-lived state P700(+)F(X). The quenching efficiency of different functionally relevant intermediate states of the photochemistry in PS I has been studied. The redox state of the acceptors beyond A(0) does not affect F760. Direct kinetic evidence is presented that the fluorescence at 760 nm is strongly quenched not only by P700(+) but also by (3)P700. Similar kinetics were observed for flash-induced absorbance changes attributed to the decay of (3)P700 or P700(+), respectively, and flash-induced fluorescence changes at 760 nm measured under identical conditions. A nonlinear relationship between the variable fluorescence around 760 nm and the [P700(red)]/[P700(total)] ratio was derived from titration curves of the absorbance change at 826 nm and the variable fluorescence at 760 nm as a function of the redox potential imposed on the sample solution at room temperature before freezing. The result indicates that the energy exchange between the antennae of different monomers within a PS I trimer stimulates quenching of F760 by P700(+). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 54] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Schlodder E Tech Univ Berlin, Max Volmer Lab Biophys Chem Str 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin, Max Volmer Lab Biophys Chem D-10623 Berlin Germany CEA Saclay, Serv Bioenerget F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France CEA Saclay, CNRS, URA 2096, DBJC F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France Russian Acad Sci, AN Bakh Biochem Inst Moscow 119071 Russia <62> UI - 888MG-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Hakala M AU - Tuominen I AU - Keranen M AU - Tyystjarvi T AU - Tyystjarvi E MA - esatyy@utu.fi RA - Tyystjarvi E TI - Evidence for the role of the oxygen-evolving manganese complex in photoinhibition of Photosystem II SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):68-80, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):68-80 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Photoinhibition MH - Photosystem ii MH - Manganese MH - Action spectrum. MH - In-vivo MH - Singlet oxygen MH - D1 protein MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Thylakoid membranes MH - Electron-transport MH - Light MH - Photosynthesis MH - Degradation MH - Photoinactivation. AB - Photoinhibition of PSII occurs at the same quantum efficiency from very low to very high light, which raises a question about how important is the rate of photosynthetic electron transfer in photoinhibition. We modulated electron transfer rate and light intensity independently of each other in lincomycin-treated pea leaves and in isolated thylakoids, in order to elucidate the specific effects of light and PSII electron transport on photoinhibition. Major changes in the rate of electron transport caused only small changes in the rate of photoinhibition, suggesting the existence of a significant photoinhibitory pathway that contains an electron-transfer-independent phase. We compared the action spectrum of photoinhibition with absorption spectra of PSII components that could function as photoreceptors of the electron-transfer-independent phase of photoinhibition and found that the absorption spectra of Mn(III) and Mn(IV) compounds resemble the action spectrum of photoinhibition, showing a steep decrease from UV-C to blue light and a low visible-light tail. Our results show that the release of a Mn ion to the thylakoid lumen is the earliest detectable step of both UV- and visible-light-induced photo inhibition. After Mn release from the oxygen-evolving complex, oxidative damage to the PSII reaction center occurs because the Mn-depleted oxygen-evolving complex cannot reduce P-680(+) normally. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 46] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Tyystjarvi E Univ Turku, Lab Plant Physiol & Mol BIol, Dept Biol Biocity A FI-20014 Turku Finland Univ Turku, Lab Plant Physiol & Mol BIol, Dept Biol FI-20014 Turku Finland <63> UI - 888MG-0006 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Zhao KH AU - Ping S AU - Bohm S AU - Bo S AU - Ming Z AU - Bubenzer C AU - Scheer H MA - khzhao@163.com, hugo.scheer@lmu.de RA - Zhao KH TI - Reconstitution of phycobilisome core-membrane linker, L-CM, by autocatalytic chromophore binding to ApcE SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):81-87, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):81-87 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Allophycocyanin MH - Apce MH - Biosynthesis MH - Core-membrane linker (l-cm) MH - Cyanobacteria MH - Energy transfer MH - Fluorescence labeling MH - Photosynthesis MH - Phycobilisome MH - Phycocyanobilin attachment. MH - Subunit phycocyanobilin lyase MH - Crystal-structure analysis MH - Terminal energy acceptor MH - Mastigocladus-laminosus MH - Cyanobacterial phycobilisomes MH - Molecular characterization MH - Allophycocyanin MH - Polypeptide MH - Biliproteins MH - Attachment. AB - The core-membrane linker, L-CM, connects functionally the extramembraneous light-harvesting complex of cyanobacteria, the phycobilisome, to the chlorophyll-containing core-complexes in the photosynthetic membrane. Genes coding for the apoprotein, ApcE, from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 and for a C-terminally truncated fragment ApcE(1-240) containing the chromophore binding cysteine-195 were overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Both bind covalently phycocyanobilin (PCB) in an autocatalytic reaction. in the presence of 4M urea necessary to solubilize the proteins. If judged from the intense, red-shifted absorption and fluorescence, both products have the features of the native core-membrane linker L-CM, demonstrating that the lyase function, the dimerization motif. and the capacity to extremely red-shift the chromophore are all contained in the N-terminal phycobilin domain of ApcE. The red-shift is. however. not the result of excitonic interactions: Although the chromoprotein dimerizes, the circular dichroism shows no indication of excitonic coupling. The lack of homologies with the autocatalytically chromophorylating phytochromes, as well as with the heterodimeric cysteine-alpha84 lyases, indicates that ApcE constitutes a third type of bilin:biliprotein lyase. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 41] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Zhao KH Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Life Sci & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Univ Munich, Dept Biol 1, Bereich Bot D-80638 Munich Germany Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Environm Sci & Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China <64> UI - 888MG-0009 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Golding AJ AU - Joliot P AU - Johnson GN MA - giles.johnson@manchester.ac.uk RA - Johnson GN TI - Equilibration between cytochrome f and P700 in intact leaves SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):105-109, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):105-109 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Equilibration MH - Cytochrome f MH - P700. MH - Photosynthetic electron-transport MH - Plastoquinone compartmentation MH - Chlamydomonas-reinhardtii MH - Absorbency changes MH - 2 photosystems MH - 820 nm MH - Chloroplasts MH - State MH - Reduction MH - Donor. AB - Electron transport between the two photosynthetic reaction centres of high plains is mediated by plastoquinone, a rieske iron-sulfur centre, cytochrome f and plastocyanin. Measurements of redox equilibration amongst these have produced confusing results, with apparent equilibrium constants being estimated that are inconsistent with in vitro measurements of redox midpoint potentials of the components concerned. We have critically reexamined methods for deconvoluting cytochrome f absorbance signals in intact leaves. We have determined the decay of cytochrome f(+) following light to dark transitions from steady state and compared this with the decay of the oxidised photosystem I primary donor, P700(+). Measurements across a wide range of different irradiances and CO2 concentrations were all consistent with cyt f and P700 existing in redox equilibrium, with a potential difference of around 117 mV These results are discussed in relation to our understanding of the organisation of the photosynthetic electron transport. They also have implications for measurements of PSI electron flux-provided more than about 20% of P700(+) is oxidised in the light, then the initial decay in the concentration of P700 following a light to dark transition provides a good estimate of electron flux through PSI. Where P700 is largely reduced in the light, net reduction of cyt f(+) might need to be corrected for. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 24] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Johnson GN Univ Manchester, Sch Biol Sci 3-614 Stopford Bldg,Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PT Lancs England Univ Manchester, Sch Biol Sci Manchester M13 9PT Lancs England CNRS, UPR 1261, Inst Biol Physicochim F-75005 Paris France <65> UI - 888MG-0010 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Ishmukhametov RR AU - Galkin MA AU - Vik SB MA - svik@smu.edu RA - Vik SB TI - Ultrafast purification and reconstitution of His-tagged cysteine-less Escherichia coli F1F0 ATP synthase SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):110-116, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):110-116 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Escherichia coli f1f0 MH - Atp synthase MH - Protein purification MH - Ni-nta resin MH - Reconstitution MH - Acma MH - Steady-state kinetics. MH - Epsilon-subunit MH - Submitochondrial particles MH - Adenosine-triphosphatase MH - Rotary motor MH - H+-atpase MH - Stoichiometry MH - F1-atpase MH - Hydrolysis MH - Liposomes MH - Membranes. AB - His-tagged cysteine-less F1F0 ATP synthase from Escherichia coli was purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. During the purification procedure the loss of total ATPase activity did not exceed 50%, and the extent of purification was about 80-fold. The purified enzyme was essentially free of other proteins, was highly active in ATP hydrolysis (75 units/mg at pH 8 and 37 degreesC), and was sensitive to N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (70%). Incorporation of F1F0 into soybean liposomes yielded well-coupled and highly active proteoliposomes. The entire procedure, from the disruption of cells by French press to the preparation of proteoliposomes, took only about 8 h. Some improvements in procedures for the estimation of rates of both ATP hydrolysis and ATP-dependent 9-amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine (ACMA) fluorescence quenching are described. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 30] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Vik SB So Methodist Univ, Dept Biol Sci POB 750376,6501 Airline Rd Dallas, TX 75275 USA So Methodist Univ, Dept Biol Sci Dallas, TX 75275 USA <66> UI - 888MG-0012 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Riegler D AU - Shroyer L AU - Pokalsky C AU - Zaslavsky D AU - Gennis R AU - Prochaska LJ MA - lawrence.prochaska@wright.edu RA - Prochaska LJ TI - Characterization of steady-state activities of cytochrome c oxidase at alkaline pH: mimicking the effect of K-channel mutations in the bovine enzyme SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):126-133, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):126-133 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Cytochrome c oxidase MH - Cytochrome c MH - Peroxidase MH - Steady-state kinetics MH - Circular dichroism MH - Alkaline ph value. MH - Sodium dodecyl-sulfate MH - Electron-transfer MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Proton-transfer MH - Phospholipid-vesicles MH - Ionic-strength MH - Glutamate 286 MH - Reduction MH - Kinetics MH - Binding. AB - The cytochrome c oxidase activity of the bovine heart enzyme decreases substantially at alkaline pH, from 650 s(-1) at pH 7.0 to less than 10 s(-1) at pH 9.75. In contrast, the cytochrome c peroxidase activity of the enzyme shows little or no pH dependence (30-50 s(-1)) at pH values greater than 8.5. Under the conditions employed, it is demonstrated that the dramatic decrease in oxidase activity at pH 9.75 is fully reversible and not due to a major alkaline-induced conformational change in the enzyme. Furthermore, the K values for cytochrome c interaction with the enzyme were also not significantly different at pH 7.8 and pH 9.75, suggesting that the pH dependence of the activity is not due to an altered interaction with cytochrome c at alkaline pH. However, at alkaline pH, the steady-state reduction level of the berries increased, consistent with a slower rate of electron transfer from heme a to heme a(3) at alkaline pH. Since it is well established that the rate of electron transfer from heme a to heme a(3) is proton-coupled, it is reasonable to postulate that at alkaline pH, proton uptake becomes rate-limiting. The fact that this is not observed when hydrogen peroxide is used as a substrate in place of O-2 suggests that the rate-limiting step is proton uptake via the K-channel associated with the reduction of the heme a(3)/Cu-B center prior to the reaction with O-2. This step is not required for the reaction with H2O2, as shown previously in the examination of mutants of bacterial oxidases in which the K-channel was blocked. It is concluded that at pH values near 10, the delivery of protons via the K-channel becomes the rate-limiting step in the catalytic cycle with O-2, so that the behavior of the bovine enzyme resembles that of the K-channel mutants in the bacterial enzymes. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 48] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Prochaska LJ Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Dayton, OH 45435 USA Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol Dayton, OH 45435 USA Univ Illinois, Sch Chem Sci, Dept Biochem Urbana, IL 61761 USA <67> UI - 888MG-0013 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Cukier RI MA - cukier@cem.msu.edu RA - Cukier RI TI - A molecular dynamics study of water chain formation in the proton-conducting K channel of cytochrome c oxidase SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):134-146, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):134-146 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Cytochrome c oxidase MH - Proton transfer and translocation MH - Molecular dynamics. MH - Heme-copper oxidases MH - O bond-cleavage MH - Electron-transfer MH - Paracoccus-denitrificans MH - Rhodobacter-sphaeroides MH - Hydrogen-peroxide MH - Transfer pathway MH - Active-site MH - Subunit-i MH - Mechanism. AB - The formation of water chains in cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is studied by molecular dynamics (MD). Focus is on water chains in the K channel that can supply a proton to the binuclear center (the heme a(3) Fe/Cu-B region), the site Of O-2 reduction. By assessing the presence of chains of any length on a short time scale (0.1 ps), a view of the kinds of chains and their persistence is obtained. Chains from the entry of the channel on the inner membrane to Thr359 (Rhodobacter sphaeroides numbering) are often present but are blocked at that point until a rotation of the Thr359 side chain occurs, permitting formation of chains from Thr359 towards the binuclear center. No continuous hydrogen-bonded water chains are found connecting Thr359 and the binuclear center. Instead, waters hydrogen bond from Thr359 to the hydroxyl of the heme a(3) farnesyl and then continue to the binuclear center via Tyr288, which has been identified as a source of a proton for O-2 reduction. Three hydrogen-bonded waters are found to be present in the binuclear center after a sufficiently long simulation time. One is ligated to the Cu-B and could be associated with a water (or hydroxyl) identified in the crystal structure as the fourth ligand of Cu-B. The water hydrogen-bonded to the hydroxyl of Tyr288 is extremely persistent and well positioned to participate in O-2 reduction. The third water is located where O-2 is often suggested to reside in mechanistic studies of O-2 reduction. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 49] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Cukier RI Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem E Lansing, MI 48824 USA Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem E Lansing, MI 48824 USA <68> UI - 888MG-0014 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Kern J AU - Loll B AU - Luneberg C AU - DiFiore D AU - Biesiadka J AU - Irrgang KD AU - Zouni A MA - zouni@phosis1.chem.tu-berlin.de RA - Zouni A TI - Purification, characterisation and crystallisation of photosystem II from Thermosynechococcus elongatus cultivated in a new type of photobioreactor SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):147-157, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):147-157 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Photosystem ii MH - Crystallisation MH - Thermosynechococcus elongatus MH - Cofactor composition MH - Oxygen evolution activity MH - Cell cultivation. MH - Cyanobacterium-synechococcus sp MH - Thermophilic cyanobacterium MH - Water oxidation MH - Angstrom resolution MH - Electron-acceptor MH - Crystal-structure MH - Deficient mutant MH - Core complex MH - Oxygen MH - Protein. AB - The thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus was cultivated under controlled growth, conditions using a new tape of photobioreactor, allowing us to optimise growth conditions and the biomass yield. A fast large-scale purification method for monomeric and dimeric photosystem II (PSII) solubilized from thylakoid membranes of this cyanobacterium was developed using fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). The obtained PS core complexes (PSIIcc) were analysed for their pigment stoichiometry, photochemical and oxygen evolution activities, as well as lipid and detergent composition. Thirty-six chlorophyll a (Chla), 2 pheophylin a (Pheoa). 9+/- 1 beta-carotene (Car), 2.9+/-0.8 plastoquinone 9 (PQ9) and 3.8+/-0.5 Mn were found per active centre. For the monomeric and dimeric PSIIcc, 18 and 20 lipid as well as 145 and 220 detergent molecules were found in the detergent shell. respectively. The monomeric and dimeric complexes showed high oxygen evolution activity with 1/4 O-2 released per 37-38 Chla and flash in the best cases. Crystals were obtained from dimeric PSIIcc by a micro-batch method. They diffract synchrotron X-rays to a maximum resolution of 2.9-Angstrom. resulting in complete data SseB of 3.2 Angstrom resolution. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 50] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Zouni A Tech Univ Berlin, Max Volmer Lab Biophys Chem & Biochem Str 17 Juni 135 D-10623 Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin, Max Volmer Lab Biophys Chem & Biochem D-10623 Berlin Germany Free Univ Berlin, Inst Crystallog D-14195 Berlin Germany <69> UI - 888MG-0015 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Faller P AU - Kienzler K AU - Krieger-Liszkay A MA - anja.liszkay@biologie.uni-freiburg.de RA - Krieger-Liszkay A TI - Mechanism of Cd2+ toxicity: Cd2+ inhibits photoactivation of Photosystem II by competitive binding to the essential Ca2+ site SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):158-164, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):158-164 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Photosynthesis MH - Photosystem ii MH - Photoactivation MH - Cadmium toxicity. MH - Alga chlamydomonas-reinhardtii MH - Mutant strain MH - Chlorophyll fluorescence MH - Donor side MH - Cadmium MH - Photosynthesis MH - Chloroplasts MH - Calcium MH - Leaves MH - Plants. AB - Cadmium (Cd2+) is a well-known highly toxic element. The molecular mechanisms of the Cd2+ toxicity are not well understood. In photosynthetic organisms, toxic Cd2+ concentrations are often in the low-muM range. It has been proposed that low-muM Cd2+ concentrations affect photosynthesis at the level of Photosystem II by inhibiting oxygen evolution. However, in vitro studies on isolated, functional Photosystem II showed that much higher Cd2+ concentrations (mM range) were needed for inhibition. Here we show that Cd2+ in the low-muM range inhibited photoactivation (i.e., assembly of the water splitting complex) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and in isolated Photosystem II. Photoactivation is the last step in the assembly of Photosystem II before it becomes functional. The exact Cd2+ concentration necessary for inhibition depended on the concentration of calcium. It is proposed that Cd2+ binds competitively to the essential Ca2+ site in Photosystem II during photoactivation. The low Cd2+ concentration needed to inhibit photoactivation suggests that this event is also involved in the Cd2+-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in vivo. This mechanism is likely to be important for Cd2+ toxicity towards photosynthetic organisms in general, at least in unicellular like C. reinhardtii where Cd2+ has easy access to the photosynthetic apparatus. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 37] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Krieger-Liszkay A Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol 2 Schanzlestr 1 D-79104 Freiburg Germany Univ Freiburg, Inst Biol 2 D-79104 Freiburg Germany Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UPR 8241, Chim Coordinat Lab F-31077 Toulouse France <70> UI - 888MG-0017 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Fernandez-Ayala DJM AU - Lopez-Lluch G AU - Garcia-Valdes M AU - Arroyo A AU - Navas P MA - pnavas@upo.es RA - Navas P TI - Specificity of coenzyme Q(10) for a balanced function of respiratory chain and endogenous ubiquinone biosynthesis in human cells SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):174-183, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):174-183 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Coenzyme q MH - Mitochondria MH - Ros MH - Respiratory chain MH - Coq uptake. MH - Beef-heart mitochondria MH - Oxidative stress MH - Saccharomyces-cerevisiae MH - Hydrogen-peroxide MH - Life-span MH - Ascorbate stabilization MH - Caenorhabditis-elegans MH - Parkinsons-disease MH - Cerebellar-ataxia MH - Alpha-tocopherol. AB - Coenzyme Q (Q) is an obligatory component of both respiratory chain and uncoupling proteins. Also, Q acts as an antioxidant in cellular membranes. Several neurodegenerative diseases are associated with modifications of Q(10) levels. For these reasons, therapies based on Q supplementation in the diet are currently studied in order to mitigate the symptoms of these diseases. However, the incorporation of exogenous Q also affects aging process in nematodes probably affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The aim of the present work is to clarify if supplementation with both Q(10) and Q(6) isoforms affects mitochondrial Q(10) content, respiratory chain activity and ROS levels in human cells. Cells incorporated exogenously added Q(10) and Q(6) isoforms into mitochondria that produced changes in mitochondrial activity depending on the side chain length. Supplementation with Q(10), but not with Q(6), increased mitochondrial Q-dependent activities. However, Q(6) affected the mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production, and increased the protein levels of both catalase and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). Also, Q(6) induced a transient decrease in endogenous mitochondrial Q(10) levels by increasing its catabolism. These results show that human cells supplemented with Q(6) undergo a mitochondrial impairment, which is not observed with Q(10) supplementation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 62] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Navas P Univ Pablo de Olavide, CABD Carretera Utrera Km 1 Seville 43013 Spain Univ Pablo de Olavide, CABD Seville 43013 Spain <71> UI - 888MG-0018 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888MG AU - Feniouk BA AU - Mulkidjanian AY AU - Junge W MA - junge@uos.de RA - Junge W TI - Proton slip in the ATP synthase of Rhodobacter capsulatus: induction, proton conduction, and nucleotide dependence SO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. 1706(1-2):184-194, 2005 Jan 7. AS - Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Bioenerg 2005 Jan 7;1706(1-2):184-194 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0005-2728 MH - Atp synthase MH - Proton slip MH - Regulation MH - Rhodobacter capsulatus. MH - Amino-acid substitutions MH - Escherichia-coli MH - Adenine-nucleotides MH - F0f1-atp synthase MH - Rhodopseudomonas-capsulata MH - Chloroplast atpase MH - Ph-changes MH - F-atpase MH - F-1-atpase MH - Chromatophores. AB - FOF1-ATP synthase converts two energetic "currencies" of the cell (ATP and protonmotive force, pmf) by coupling two rotary motors/generators. Their coupling efficiency is usually very high. Uncoupled proton leakage (slip) has only been observed in chloroplast enzyme at unphysiologically low nucleotide concentration. We investigated the properties of proton slip in chromatophores (sub-bacterial vesicles) from Rhodobacter capsulatus in the single-enzyme-per-vesicle mode. The membrane was energized by excitation with flashing light and the relaxation of the transmembrane voltage and pH difference was photometrically detected. We found that: (1) Proton slip occurred only at low nucleotide concentration (<1 muM) and after pre-illumination over several seconds. (2) Slip induction by pmf was accompanied by the release of 0.25 mol ADP per mole of enzyme. There was no detectable detachment of F-1 from F-O. (3) The transmembrane voltage and the pH difference were both efficient in slip induction. Once induced, slip persisted for hours, and was only partially reverted by the addition of ADP or ATP (>1 muM). (4) There was no pmf threshold for the proton transfer through the slipping enzyme; slip could be driven both by voltage and pH difference. (5) The conduction was ohmic and weakly pH-dependent in the range from 5.5 to 9.5. The rate constant of proton transfer under slip conditions was 185 s(-1) at pH 8. Proton slip probably presents the free-wheeling of the central rotary shaft, Subunit gamma, in an open structure of the (alphabeta)(3) hexagon with no nucleotides in the catalytic sites. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 51] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Junge W Univ Osnabruck, Fac Biol Chem, FB Biol Chem, Abt Biophys,Div Biophys D-49069 Osnabruck Germany Univ Osnabruck, Fac Biol Chem, FB Biol Chem, Abt Biophys,Div Biophys D-49069 Osnabruck Germany AN Belozersky Mol Biol & Bioorgan Chem Lab, AN Belozersky Inst Physicochem Biol Moscow 119899 Russia <72> UI - 886GJ-0010 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886GJ AU - Zhu ZY AU - Gunner MR MA - gunner@sci.ccny.cuny.edu RA - Gunner MR TI - Energetics of quinone-dependent electron and proton transfers in Rhodobacter sphaeroides photosynthetic reaction centers [Review] SO - Biochemistry. 44(1):82-96, 2005 Jan 11. AS - Biochemistry 2005 Jan 11;44(1):82-96 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0006-2960 MH - Bacterial reaction centers MH - Reaction-center protein MH - Induced structural-changes MH - Cytochrome b(6)f complex MH - Poisson-boltzmann equation MH - Free-energy MH - Rhodopseudomonas-sphaeroides MH - Secondary quinone MH - Binding-site MH - Conformational flexibility. AB - Proteins bind redox cofactors, modifying their electrochemistry and affinity by specific interactions of the binding site with each cofactor redox state. Photosynthetic reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides have three ubiquinone-binding sites, Q(A), and proximal and distal Q(B) sites. Ubiquinones, which can be doubly reduced and bind 2 protons, have 9 redox states. However, only Q and Q(-) are seen in the Q(A) site and Q, Q(-), and QH(2) in the proximal Q(B) site. The distal Q(B) function is uncertain. Multiple conformation continuum electrostatics (MCCE) was used to compare the ubiquinone electrochemical midpoints (E-m) and pK(a) values at these three sites. At pH 7, the Q(A)/Q(A)(-) E-m is -40 mV and proximal Q(B)/Q(B)(-) -10 mV in agreement with the experimental values (assuming a solution ubiquinone E-m of -145 mV). Q(B) reduction requires changes in nearby residue protonation and SerL223 reorientation. The distal Q(B)/Q(B)(-) E-m is a much more unfavorable -260 mV. Q(A) and proximal Q(B) sites generally stabilize species with a -1 charge, while the distal Q(B) site prefers binding neutral species. In each site, the dianion is destabilized because favorable interactions with the residues and backbone increase with charge (q), while the unfavorable loss of solvation energy increases with q(2). Therefore, proton binding before a second reduction, forming QH and then QH(-), is always preferred to forming the dianion (Q(-2)). The final product QH, is higher in energy at the proximal Q(B) site than in solution; therefore, it binds poorly, favoring release. In contrast, QH(2) binds more tightly than Q at the distal QB site. [References: 112] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Gunner MR CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys J-419,138th St & Convent Ave New York, NY 10031 USA CUNY City Coll, Dept Phys New York, NY 10031 USA <73> UI - 888BA-0031 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888BA AU - Zhang F AU - Gao JP AU - Weng J AU - Tan CY AU - Ruan KC AU - Xu CH AU - Jiang D MA - dajiang@zju.edu.cn RA - Jiang D TI - Structural and functional differentiation of three groups of tyrosine residues by acetylation of N-acetylimidazole in manganese stabilizing protein SO - Biochemistry. 44(2):719-725, 2005 Jan 18. AS - Biochemistry 2005 Jan 18;44(2):719-725 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0006-2960 MH - Spinach photosystem-ii MH - Photosynthetic oxygen-evolution MH - Water oxidizing complex MH - Amino-acid-sequences MH - 33-kda protein MH - 33-kilodalton protein MH - Extrinsic protein MH - C-terminus MH - Binding MH - Ph. AB - To study its contribution to the assembly of the green plant manganese stabilizing protein (MSP) into photosystem II (PSII), tyrosine residues were specifically acetylated using N-acetylimidazole (NAI). In soluble MSP, three groups of Tyr residues could be differentiated by NAI acetylation: approximately 5 (actually similar to 5.2) Tyr residues could be easily acetylated (superficial), 1-2 Tyr residues could be acetylated when the NAI concentration was sufficiently high (superficially buried), and 1-2 Tyr residues could only be acetylated in the presence of the denaturant, urea (deeply buried). Acetylation of the 5.2 Tyr residues did not affect the reconstitution or oxygen-evolving activities of the MSP, and far-UV circular dichroism (CD) analysis showed that the altered MSP retained most of its native secondary structure. These results suggested that the 5.2 Tyr residues are not absolutely essential to the function of MSP. However, further modification of the 1-2 superficially buried Tyr residues (for a total acetylation of similar to 6.4 Tyr residues) completely abrogated the MSP rebinding and oxygen evolution activities. Finally, at least one tyrosine residue was inaccessible to NAI until MSP was completely unfolded by 8 M urea. Deacetylation of MSP with 6.4 or 8 acetylated Tyr residues with hydroxylamine restored most of the rebinding and oxygen-evolving activities. A prominent red shift in fluorescence spectra of MSP (excited at 280 or 295 nm) was observed after modification of 6.4 Tyr residues, and a further shift could be found after all 8 Tyr residues were modified, indicating a great loss of native secondary structure. Far-UV CD revealed that MSP was mostly unfolded when 6.4 Tyr residues were modified and completely unfolded when all 8 Tyr residues were modified. Fluorescence and far-UV CD studies revealed that loss of MSP rebinding to PSII membranes following NAI modification correlated well with conformational changes in MSP. Together, these results indicate that different tyrosine residues have different contributions to the binding and assembly of MSP into PSII. [References: 35] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Jiang D Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Plant Physiol & Biochem Hangzhou 310029 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Plant Physiol & Biochem Hangzhou 310029 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Biochem & Cell Biol, Lab Proteom Shanghai 200031 Peoples R China <74> UI - 888BA-0042 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888BA AU - Summerfield TC AU - Shand JA AU - Bentley FK AU - Eaton-Rye JJ MA - julian.eaton-rye@stoenbow.otago.ac.nz RA - Eaton-Rye JJ TI - PsbQ (Sll1638) in Synechocystis sp PCC 6803 is required for photosystem II activity in specific mutants and in nutrient-limiting conditions SO - Biochemistry. 44(2):805-815, 2005 Jan 18. AS - Biochemistry 2005 Jan 18;44(2):805-815 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0006-2960 MH - Manganese-stabilizing protein MH - Photosynthetic oxygen evolution MH - Water-oxidizing complex MH - Red algal psii MH - Extrinsic proteins MH - Functional-properties MH - Cytochrome c-550 MH - Pcc 6803 MH - Deletion mutagenesis MH - Crystal-structure. AB - A PsbQ homologue has been found associated with photosystem II complexes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 where it is involved in optimal photoautotrophic growth and water splitting under CaCl2-depleted conditions [Thornton, L. E., Ohkawa, H., Roose, J. L., Kashino, Y., Keren, N., and Pakrasi, H. B. (2004) Plant Cell 16, 2164-2175]. By inactivating psbQ in strains carrying photosystem II-specific mutations, we have identified stringent requirements for PsbQ in vivo. Whereas under nutrient-replete conditions the DeltaPsbQ mutant was similar to wild type, a strain lacking PsbQ and PsbV was not photoautotrophic, exhibiting decreased oxygen evolution and decreased photosystem 11 assembly compared to the DeltaPsbV mutant. Combining the removal of PsbU and PsbQ introduced an altered requirement for Ca2+ and Cl-, and photoautotrophic growth of the DeltaPsbQ strain was prevented in nutrient-limiting media depleted in Ca2+, Cl-, and iron. Unlike other photosystem II extrinsic proteins PsbQ did not participate in the acquisition of thermotolerance; however, photoautotrophic growth at elevated temperatures was impaired in this mutant. Growth of the DeltaPsbV:DeltaPsbQ mutant was restored at pH 10.0: in contrast, an additional deletion between Arg-384 and Val-392 in the CP47 protein of photosystem II prevented recovery at alkaline pH. When conditions prevented photoautotrophy in strains lacking PsbQ, photoheterotrophic growth was indistinguishable to wild type, indicating that photosystem II had been inactivated. These data substantiate a role for PsbQ in optimizing photosystem II activity in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and establish an absolute requirement for the subunit under specific biochemical and physiological conditions. [References: 66] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Eaton-Rye JJ Univ Otago, Dept Biochem POB 56 Dunedin New Zealand Univ Otago, Dept Biochem Dunedin New Zealand <75> UI - 888BA-0043 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888BA AU - Ichimaru N AU - Murai M AU - Abe M AU - Hamada T AU - Yamada Y AU - Makino S AU - Nishioka T AU - Makabe H AU - Makino A AU - Kobayashi T AU - Miyoshi H MA - miyoshi@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp RA - Miyoshi H TI - Synthesis and inhibition mechanism of Delta lac-acetogenins, a novel type of inhibitor of bovine heart mitochondrial complex I SO - Biochemistry. 44(2):816-825, 2005 Jan 18. AS - Biochemistry 2005 Jan 18;44(2):816-825 PU - AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA. URL: http://pubs.acs.org IS - 0006-2960 MH - Nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase MH - Essential structural factors MH - Annonaceous acetogenins MH - Quinone oxidoreductase MH - Potent inhibitors MH - Cytochrome bc(1) MH - Binding-sites MH - Reduction MH - Lecithin MH - Subunit. AB - We have synthesized Delta1ac-acetogenins that are new acetogenin mimics possessing two n-alkyl tails without an alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-lactone ring and suggested that their inhibition mechanism may be different from that of common acetogenins [Hamada et al. (2004) Biochemistry 43, 3651-3658]. To elucidate the inhibition mechanism of Delta1ac-acetogenins in more detail, we carried out wide structural modifications of original Delta1ac-acetogenins and characterized the inhibitory action with bovine heart mitochondrial complex I. In contrast to common acetogenins, both the presence of adjacent bis-THF rings and the stereochemistry around the hydroxylated bis-THF rings are important structural factors required for potent inhibition. The inhibitory potency of a derivative possessing an n-butylphenyl ether structure (compound 7) appeared to be superior to that of the original Delta1ac-acetogenins and equivalent to that of bullatacin, one of the most potent natural acetogenins. Double-inhibitor titration of steady-state complex I activity showed that the extent of inhibition of compound 7 and bullatacin is not additive, suggesting that the binding sites of the two inhibitors are not identical. Competition tests using a fluorescent ligand indicated that the binding site of compound 7 does not overlap with that of other complex I inhibitors. The effects of compound 7 on superoxide production from complex I are also different from those of other complex I inhibitors. Our results clearly demonstrate that Delta1ac-acetogenins are a novel type of inhibitor acting at the terminal electron-transfer step of bovine complex I. [References: 31] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Miyoshi H Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Div Appl Life Sci, Sakyo Ku Kyoto 6068502 Japan Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Div Appl Life Sci, Sakyo Ku Kyoto 6068502 Japan Shinshu Univ, Grad Sch Agr Nagano 3994598 Japan RIKEN, Inst Phys & Chem Res, Supra Biomol Syst Res Grp, Frontier Res Syst Wako Saitama 3510198 Japan <76> UI - 888SF-0014 DD - ISI Document Solution: 888SF AU - Izquierdo JM AU - Cuezva JM MA - jmcuezva@cbm.uam.es RA - Cuezva JM TI - Epigenetic regulation of the binding activity of translation inhibitory proteins that bind the 3' untranslated region of beta-F1-ATPase mRNA by adenine nucleotides and the redox state SO - Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics. 433(2):481-486, 2005 Jan 15. AS - Arch. Biochem. Biophys 2005 Jan 15;433(2):481-486 PU - ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA. URL: http://www.elsevier.nl IS - 0003-9861 MH - Mitochondria MH - H+-atp synthase MH - Translation MH - Rna-binding proteins MH - 3' untranslated region MH - Liver MH - Development. MH - H+-atp synthase MH - Beta-subunit MH - Mitochondrial biogenesis MH - Rat hepatocytes MH - Cancer-cells MH - Liver MH - Phosphorylation MH - Efficiency MH - Mechanism MH - Complex. AB - Here, we describe the binding affinities and the regulation of the binding activities of the fetal liver proteins that interact with the 3' untranslated region of beta-F1-ATPase mRNA (beta-mRNA). These proteins (3'beta FBPs), which are involved in the repression of beta-mRNA translation during fetal development, have poly(A)-binding activity. Reducing agents do not affect the RNA-binding activity of 3'beta FBPs. In contrast, oxidizing and alkylating reagents abolished the binding activity of 3'beta FBPs to its target RNA element, an effect that is partially prevented by the presence of reducing agents. Interestingly, the availability of adenine nucleotides regulates in a concentration-dependent manner the binding activities of 3'beta FBPs. The results suggest that epigenetic changes that occur at the time of birth affecting both the redox and energy state of the liver play a relevant role in the regulation of the binding activities of 3'beta FBPs and therefore in the translation of beta-mRNA. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. [References: 37] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biochemistry & Biophysics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Cuezva JM Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Dept Biol Mol, Ctr Biol Mol Severo Ochoa E-28049 Madrid Spain Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Dept Biol Mol, Ctr Biol Mol Severo Ochoa E-28049 Madrid Spain <77> UI - 884RR-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884RR AU - Salguero A AU - Leon R AU - Mariotti A AU - de la Morena B AU - Vega JM AU - Vilchez C MA - cvilchez@uhu.es RA - Vilchez C TI - UV-A mediated induction of carotenoid accumulation in Dunaliella bardawil with retention of cell viability SO - Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology. 66(5):506-511, 2005 Feb. AS - Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol 2005 Feb;66(5):506-511 PU - SPRINGER, 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA. URL: http://www.springer-ny.com IS - 0175-7598 MH - Beta-carotene MH - Alga MH - Radiation MH - Pigments MH - Salina. AB - The effect of adding UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm) during growth of the photosynthetic marine microalga Dunaliella bardawil was investigated in this work in terms of cell growth and carotenoid production. Although signs of slow cell growth (slight reduction of chlorophyll and protein content) were observed after 24 h of cell exposure to UV-A (40 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1) and 70 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1)) plus 140 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1) PAR, 84 h exposure to these UV-A conditions slightly stimulated cell growth and increased the photosynthetic efficiency of the exposed cultures. The enhanced cell growth was coupled with an increase in total carotenoid content. Besides beta-carotene as the major pigment, increases in the well-known antioxidants lutein and zeaxanthin of about 3-fold and 5-fold, respectively, were determined in cultures exposed to UV-A radiation of 70 mumol photons m(-2) s(-1) for 84 h. As a consequence, far from being negative to cell growth, low and medium UVA radiation are stress factors that could be successfully applied to long-term processes for large scale carotenoid production using D. bardawil cultures with retention of cell viability. UV-A exposure has the advantage of being a factor either easily applied or removed as required, in contrast to other nutrient stresses, which require medium replacement for their application. [References: 20] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Agricultural, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Microbiology in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Vilchez C Univ Huelva, Fac Ciencias, Dpto Quim & CCMM Campus El Carmen Huelva 21071 Spain Univ Huelva, Fac Ciencias, Dpto Quim & CCMM Huelva 21071 Spain Univ Milan, Sez Microbiol Ind I-20133 Milan Italy INTA, Estac Sondeos Atmosfer El Arenosillo Huelva 21130 Spain Univ Sevilla, Fac Quim, Dpto Bioquim Vegetal & Biol Mol Seville 41012 Spain <78> UI - 886UA-0009 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886UA AU - Levy TE AU - Adams RB AU - Najjar M AU - Hauptmann A AU - Anderson JD AU - Brandl B AU - Robinson MA AU - Higham T MA - tlevy@ucsd.edu RA - Levy TE TI - Reassessing the chronology of Biblical Edom: new excavations and C-14 dates from Khirbat en-Nahas (Jordan) SO - Antiquity. 78(302):865-879, 2004 Dec. AS - Antiquity 2004 Dec;78(302):865-879 PU - ANTIQUITY PUBL LTD, NEW HALL, CAMBRIDGE CB3 0DF, ENGLAND. URL: http://intarch.ac.uk/antiquity IS - 0003-598X MH - Iron age MH - Levant MH - Edom MH - Copper-working MH - Chronology MH - State formation. MH - Tel-rehov MH - Archaeology. AB - An international team of researchers show how high-precision radiocarbon dating is liberating Its from chronological assumptions based on Biblical research. Surface and topographic mapping at the large copper-working site of Khirbat en-Nahas was followed by stratigraphic excavations at an ancient fortress and two metal processing facilities located on the site surface. The results were spectacular. Occupation begins here in the eleventh century BC and the monumental fortress is built in the tenth. If this site can be equated with the rise of the Biblical kingdom of Edom it can now be seen to: have its roots in local Iron Age societies; is considerably earlier than previous scholars assumed; and proves that complex societies existed in Edom long be re the influence of Assyrian imperialism was felt In the region from the eighth - sixth centuries BC. [References: 44] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Arts & Humanities CC - Archaeology in Current Contents(R)/Arts & Humanities. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Levy TE Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol La Jolla, CA 92093 USA Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Anthropol La Jolla, CA 92093 USA McMaster Univ, Dept Anthropol Hamilton ON L8S 4L9 Canada Hashemite Kingdom Jordan, Dept Antiquities Jordan Amman Jordan Deutsch Bergbau Museum D-44787 Bochum Germany N Isl Coll, Anthropol Program Vancouver BC Canada Israel Antiquities Author Jerusalem Israel Univ Oxford, Museum Nat Hist, Environm Archaeol Unit Oxford OX1 3PW England Univ Oxford, Archaeol & Hist Art Res Lab, Oxford Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit Oxford OX1 3QJ England <79> UI - 886QY-0005 DD - ISI Document Solution: 886QY AU - Grossman AR AU - Lohr M AU - Im CS MA - arthurg@stanford.edu, lohr@mail.uni-mainz.de, csim@stanford.edu RA - Grossman AR TI - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments [Review] SO - Annual Review of Genetics. 38:119-173, 2004. AS - Annu. Rev. Genet 2004;38:119-173 PU - ANNUAL REVIEWS, 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA. URL: http://www.annualreviews.org IS - 0066-4197 MH - Chlorophyll MH - Carotenoid MH - Xanthophyll MH - Tetrapyrrole MH - Photoreceptor. MH - Light-harvesting complex MH - Green-alga chlamydomonas MH - Glutamyl-transfer-rna MH - Cytochrome b(6)f complex MH - Ii reaction-center MH - Photosynthetic electron-transport MH - Delta-aminolevulinic-acid MH - Violaxanthin de-epoxidase MH - Methylerythritol phosphate-pathway MH - Isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase. AB - This review focuses on the biosynthesis of pigments in the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and their physiological and regulatory functions in the context of information gathered from studies of other photosynthetic organisms. C reinhardtii is serving as an important model organism for studies of photosynthesis and the pigments associated with the photosynthetic apparatus. Despite extensive information pertaining to the biosynthetic pathways critical for making chlorophylls and carotenoids, we are just beginning to understand the control of these pathways, the coordination between pigment and apoprotein synthesis, and the interactions between the activities of these pathways and those for other important cellular metabolites branching from these pathways. Other exciting areas relating to pigment function are also emerging: the role of intermediates of pigment biosynthesis as messengers that coordinate metabolism in the chloroplast with nuclear gene activity, and the identification of photoreceptors and their participation in critical cellular processes including phototaxis, gametogenesis, and the biogenesis of the photosynthetic machinery. These areas of research have become especially attractive for intensive development with the application of potent molecular and genomic tools currently being applied to studies of C. reinhardtii. [References: 351] LG - English PT - Review SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Molecular Biology & Genetics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Grossman AR Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Plant Biol 290 Panama St Stanford, CA 94305 USA Carnegie Inst Washington, Dept Plant Biol Stanford, CA 94305 USA Univ Mainz, Inst Allgemeine Bot D-55099 Mainz Germany <80> UI - 884SM-0012 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884SM AU - Pan JW AU - Takahashi K MA - jpan@aecom.yu.edu RA - Pan JW TI - Interdependence of N-acetyl aspartate and high-energy phosphates in healthy human brain SO - Annals of Neurology. 57(1):92-97, 2005 Jan. AS - Ann. Neurol 2005 Jan;57(1):92-97 PU - WILEY-LISS, DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA. URL: http://www.wiley.com IS - 0364-5134 MH - Temporal-lobe epilepsy MH - Magnetic-resonance spectroscopy MH - Mitochondrial atp-synthase MH - White-matter MH - In-vivo MH - Mr spectroscopy MH - Rat-brain MH - H-1 mrs MH - 4.1 t MH - Acetylaspartate. AB - Because cellular and extract data have suggested that N-acetylaspartate (NAA) reflects neuronal mitochondrial function, we evaluated the quantitative relationship between NAA, high-energy phosphates, and ADP levels in the hippocampus and occipital lobe of 15 healthy volunteers. The ADP levels are calculated using the creatine kinase equilibrium and quantified P-31 and total creatine measurements. Using high-field quantitative MR spectroscopic imaging, we find that NAA and ADP concentrations in the hippocampal body are 9.7 +/- 1.5mM and 35 +/- 8muM, respectively. In the occipital lobe, NAA and ADP are 11.9 +/- 1.9mM and 32 +/- 12muM, respectively. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between NAA and ADP, with R = +0.80, p < 2 X 10(-7) in the hippocampal body. In an adjacent hippocampal NAA voxel, the correlation between NAA and ADP had a R = +0.62, p < 3 X 10(-4), whereas, in the occipital lobe, R = +0.67, p < 5 X 10(-5). There was no significant relationship NAA and either ATP or phosphocreatine. This positive relationship of NAA with ADP suggests a directional process wherein energetics may modulate mitochondrial function. [References: 30] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Clinical Medicine Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Neurology in Current Contents(R)/Clinical Medicine. Neurosciences & Behavior in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Pan JW Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Neurol 1300 Morris Pk Ave Bronx, NY 10467 USA Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Neurol Bronx, NY 10467 USA <81> UI - 884SX-0003 DD - ISI Document Solution: 884SX AU - Barreiro E AU - Gea J AU - Di Falco M AU - Kriazhev L AU - James S AU - Hussain SNA MA - hussain@muhc.mcgill.ca RA - Hussain SNA TI - Protein carbonyl formation in the diaphragm SO - American Journal of Respiratory Cell & Molecular Biology. 32(1):9-17, 2005 Jan. AS - Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol 2005 Jan;32(1):9-17 PU - AMER THORACIC SOC, 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA. URL: http://www.ajrccm.org/ IS - 1044-1549 MH - Carbonyl formation MH - Muscle contraction MH - Nitric oxide MH - Protein oxidation MH - Sepsis. MH - Respiratory muscle dysfunction MH - Skeletal-muscle MH - Oxidative stress MH - Nitric-oxide MH - Reactive oxygen MH - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase MH - Contractile dysfunction MH - Alzheimers-disease MH - Creatine-kinase MH - Anhydrase-iii. AB - Although protein carbonyl formation is an index of oxidative stress in skeletal muscles, the exact proteins, which undergo oxidation in these muscles, remain unknown. We used 2D electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and mass spectrometry to identify carbonylated proteins in the diaphragm in septic animals. Rats were injected with saline (control) or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and killed after various intervals. Diaphragm protein carbonylation increased significantly and peaked 12 h after LPS injection, and it was localized both inside muscle fibers and in blood vessels supplying muscle fibers. Aldolase A, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase 3beta, mitochondrial and cytosolic creatine kinases, alpha-actin, carbonic anyhdrase III, and ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase were all carbonylated in septic rat diaphragms. In addition, we found significant negative correlations between the intensity of carbonylation and creatine kinase and aldolase activities. We conclude that glycolysis, ATP production, CO2 hydration, and contractile proteins are targeted by oxygen radicals inside the diaphragm during sepsis. [References: 36] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Medical Research, Organs & Systems in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Hussain SNA Room L3-05,687 Pine Ave W Montreal PQ H3A 1A1 Canada McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Crit Care Div Montreal PQ Canada McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Div Resp Montreal PQ Canada McGill Univ, Meakins Christie Labs Montreal PQ Canada Genome Quebec Innovat Ctr Montreal PQ Canada Univ Pompeu Fabra, CEXS, IMIM, Muscle & Resp Syst Res Unit Barcelona Spain Hosp Mar, Dept Resp Med Barcelona Catalonia Spain <82> UI - 885WZ-0008 DD - ISI Document Solution: 885WZ AU - Tamimi RM AU - Hankinson SE AU - Campos H AU - Spiegelman D AU - Zhang S AU - Colditz GA AU - Willett WC AU - Hunter DJ MA - rulla.tamimi@channing.harvard.edu RA - Tamimi RM TI - Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and risk of breast cancer SO - American Journal of Epidemiology. 161(2):153-160, 2005 Jan 15. AS - Am. J. Epidemiol 2005 Jan 15;161(2):153-160 PU - OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA. URL: http://www.oup-usa.org IS - 0002-9262 MH - Breast neoplasms MH - Carotenoids MH - Oxidative stress MH - Tocopherols MH - Vitamin a. MH - Oxidative dna-damage MH - Serum vitamin-a MH - Beta-carotene MH - Alpha-tocopherol MH - Dietary fiber MH - Cohort MH - Epidemiology MH - Australia MH - Selenium MH - Tissue. AB - The roles of carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols in breast cancer etiology have been inconclusive. The authors prospectively assessed the relations between plasma alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein/zeaxanthin, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and gamma-tocopherol and breast cancer risk by conducting a nested case-control study using plasma collected from women enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study. A total of 969 cases of breast cancer diagnosed after blood draw and prior to June 1, 1998, were individually matched to controls. The multivariate risk of breast cancer was 25-35% less for women with the highest quintile compared with that for women with the lowest quintile of alpha-carotene (odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47, 0.88; p(trend) = 0.01), beta-carotene (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.02; p(trend) = 0.01), lutein/zeaxanthin (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.01; p(trend) = 0.04), and total carotenoids (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.55, 1.05; p(trend) = 0.05). The inverse association observed with alpha-carotene and breast cancer was greater for invasive cancers with nodal metastasis. The authors conclude that some carotenoids are inversely associated with breast cancer. Although the association was strongest for alpha-carotene, the high degree of collinearity among plasma carotenoids limits our ability to conclude that this association is specific to any individual carotenoid. [References: 52] LG - English PT - Article SB - Current Contents(R)/Clinical Medicine Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences CC - Environmental Medicine & Public Health in Current Contents(R)/Clinical Medicine. Medical Research, General Topics in Current Contents(R)/Life Sciences. EW - 2005 week 07 IN - Reprint available from: Tamimi RM Channing Labs 181 Longwood Ave Boston, MA 02115 USA Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab Boston, MA USA Harvard Univ, Sch Med Boston, MA USA Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Boston, MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat Boston, MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr Boston, MA 02115 USA Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Dept Med Boston, MA 02115 USA Harvard Ctr Canc Prevent Boston, MA USA --_OVID_emlbndry_WKHLTH--